Innovative Immunotherapeutic Strategies for Gastric Cancer a Comprehensive Review

Gastric cancer is among the prevalent types of cancer that cause high mortality rates globally, due to which worrisome new therapeutic approaches cannot be ruled out. The present review aims at providing an extensive overview of the recent development in the field of immunotherapy for gastric cancer, with a special reference to exosomes and their potential for regulating tumor progression. In this review, we provide a stepwise approach towards understanding of the status of knowledge of exosomes in intercellular communication comprehensively discussing biochemical contents, immune modulation, drug resistance and disease progression. Inclusive in our search strategy are the articles published in the last 15 years, and using keywords such as “exosomes,” “immunotherapy,” and “gastric cancer.” For this systematic review, two rounds of article filtering were conducted before reviewing of the articles and their findings thoroughly. This field’s specific areas of focus embrace the functionalities attached to the exosome-associated microRNAs, processes on which the exosome signalling depends on, and the utilization of non-tumor cell-derived exosomes in the tumor microenvironments. Combining these findings, this review seeks to systematically identify and discuss the roles of exosomes in biomarkers and novel targets for GC treatment. In conclusion, our current study supports further exploration of the application of exosomal biology to enhance immunotherapeutic approaches in gastric cancer treatment.’