The Cyclic Universe: From Planck Scale to Cosmic scale of the Universe
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This paper proposes a novel cyclic cosmological model characterized by finite Planck and Cosmic scales. Unlike conventional models, this framework introduces a repulsive force arising from the extreme compression of spacetime. Spacetime quantization, as suggested by loop quantum gravity, plays a crucial role in this process. As the universe contracts, the compression of discrete spacetime units stores energy, which is subsequently released, driving expansion. The model predicts a transition from deceleration to acceleration, determined by the interplay between gravity and this repulsive force. Mathematical derivations are presented to estimate the Maximum Cosmic Scale and Maximum Time based on fundamental constants. The model’s predictions will be compared with observational data, including Type Ia supernovae, to assess its compatibility with current cosmological observations. This model offers a potential alternative to dark energy in explaining cosmic acceleration.