Governo Dilma Rousseff e os conflitos relacionados às demarcações de terras indígenas (2011-2016)

Dilma Rousseff's administration (2011-2016) was marked by intensified Indigenous mobilizations for the demarcation of Indigenous Lands (ILs) and strong opposition to these demands. This study analyzes the federal Executive Branch’s actions regarding ILs recognition and regularization, drawing on governmental measures, press materials, and interviews with five qualified informants, including former officials and National Indian Foundation (Funai) staff. Rousseff’s administration was characterized by hesitation and internal disputes, creating uncertainty in Indigenous policy. Large-scale operations to remove non-Indigenous occupants from the Apyterewa, Marãiwatsédé, and Awá ILs triggered strong reactions from regional elites and congressional representatives. Meanwhile, the Ministry of Justice’s “negotiation tables” strategy proved limited, achieving little progress in resolving land conflicts.