Evaluation of Embodied Energy in Sustainable Building using BIM Considering Life Cycle Costing and Life Cycle Assessment: A Comprehensive Review

This document focuses on assessing sustainable structures through the combined application of Building Information Modelling (BIM), Life Cycle Costing (LCC), and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The review widely acknowledges the transformative role of BIM as a crucial element for merging data, automating processes, and enabling data-driven choices throughout the sustainable design and building process. Furthermore, various methods such as mathematical programming, heuristic techniques like Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithms (GA), along with simulation-based multi-objective optimization (SBMO), are utilized for the goals of optimization and assessment of embodied energy. The review also points out the difficulties and possibilities in merging BIM with LCC and LCA for designing sustainable buildings, while suggesting future research avenues in this domain. This review article intends to deliver an extensive summary of the present landscape of studies regarding the evaluation of embodied energy in sustainable buildings, utilizing BIM, LCC, and LCA. The paper also examines the advantages and hurdles of combining these three strategies and offers suggestions for upcoming research endeavors