Trajectories of Neurologic Recovery 12 Months After Hospitalization for COVID-19

  1. Jennifer A. Frontera
  2. Dixon Yang
  3. Chaitanya Medicherla
  4. Samuel Baskharoun
  5. Kristie Bauman
  6. Lena Bell
  7. Dhristie Bhagat
  8. Steven Bondi
  9. Alexander Chervinsky
  10. Levi Dygert
  11. Benjamin Fuchs
  12. Daniel Gratch
  13. Lisena Hasanaj
  14. Jennifer Horng
  15. Joshua Huang
  16. Ruben Jauregui
  17. Yuan Ji
  18. D. Ethan Kahn
  19. Ethan Koch
  20. Jessica Lin
  21. Susan Liu
  22. Anlys Olivera
  23. Jonathan Rosenthal
  24. Thomas Snyder
  25. Rebecca Stainman
  26. Daniel Talmasov
  27. Betsy Thomas
  28. Eduard Valdes
  29. Ting Zhou
  30. Yingrong Zhu
  31. Ariane Lewis
  32. Aaron S. Lord
  33. Kara Melmed
  34. Sharon B. Meropol
  35. Sujata Thawani
  36. Andrea B. Troxel
  37. Shadi Yaghi
  38. Laura J. Balcer
  39. Thomas Wisniewski
  40. Steven Galetta

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Abstract

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  1. Version published to 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200356
  2. ScreenIT

    SciScore for 10.1101/2022.02.08.22270674: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    EthicsConsent: Inclusion criteria were: age ≥18 years, hospital admission, reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) positive SARS-CoV-2 infection from nasopharyngeal sampling, survival to discharge and consent to participate in a follow-up interview.
    IRB: Standard Protocol Approvals and Patient Consents: This study was approved by the NYU Grossman School of Medicine Institutional Review Board.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Cell Line AuthenticationAuthentication: All of the above batteries have been validated for surrogate completion with the exception of the t-MoCA, which was only scored if the patient was able to complete the assessment.

    Table 2: Resources

    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    Secondary outcomes included: the Barthel Index21 of activities of daily living (0=completely dependent, 100=independent for all activities), the t-MoCA; 22=perfect score; ≤18=abnormal cognition)22, and Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders23 (NeuroQoL
    NeuroQoL
    suggested: None
    All analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics for Mac version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY).
    SPSS
    suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

    Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:
    There are limitations to this study. First, it is possible that we observed a practice effect with the t-MoCA, rather than a true cognitive improvement, however, test-retest reliability studies evaluating the full 30-item MoCA at a shorter time frame (1 month) demonstrated a <1 point mean change in scores36. Additionally, the t-MoCA is a screening test, is not as sensitive as formal neuropsychometric testing, and may be biased by race or social determinants of health37, 38, though we did adjust scores for education level. Although we did a sensitivity analysis excluding patients with a pre-COVID history of dementia or cognitive impairment, we did not have pre-COVID t-MoCA scores to assess the degree of change following COVID hospitalization. Future studies utilizing longitudinal cohorts with pre-COVID data may be able to more precisely assess the cognitive impact of severe COVID. Second, because we allowed for surrogate responses not all metrics were completed on all patients, which may have limited our power to detect small differences. Additionally, outcomes may be worse than we estimated as the sickest patients were not able to participate in some of the testing and family members of patients who did poorly may have been less motivated to participate in research. Third, we did not have a SARS-CoV2 negative control group. It’s possible that pandemic-related societal, economic and environmental stressors may have contributed to certain outcomes (notably psychiatric sequelae)...

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

  3. Version published to 10.1101/2022.02.08.22270674v1 on medRxiv