Clinical characteristics and outcomes of inpatients with neurologic disease and COVID-19 in Brescia, Lombardy, Italy

  1. Alberto Benussi
  2. Andrea Pilotto
  3. Enrico Premi
  4. Ilenia Libri
  5. Marcello Giunta
  6. Chiara Agosti
  7. Antonella Alberici
  8. Enrico Baldelli
  9. Matteo Benini
  10. Sonia Bonacina
  11. Laura Brambilla
  12. Salvatore Caratozzolo
  13. Matteo Cortinovis
  14. Angelo Costa
  15. Stefano Cotti Piccinelli
  16. Elisabetta Cottini
  17. Viviana Cristillo
  18. Ilenia Delrio
  19. Massimiliano Filosto
  20. Massimo Gamba
  21. Stefano Gazzina
  22. Nicola Gilberti
  23. Stefano Gipponi
  24. Alberto Imarisio
  25. Paolo Invernizzi
  26. Ugo Leggio
  27. Matilde Leonardi
  28. Paolo Liberini
  29. Martina Locatelli
  30. Stefano Masciocchi
  31. Loris Poli
  32. Renata Rao
  33. Barbara Risi
  34. Luca Rozzini
  35. Andrea Scalvini
  36. Francesca Schiano di Cola
  37. Raffaella Spezi
  38. Veronica Vergani
  39. Irene Volonghi
  40. Nicola Zoppi
  41. Barbara Borroni
  42. Mauro Magoni
  43. Alessandro Pezzini
  44. Alessandro Padovani

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Abstract

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  1. Version published to 10.1212/wnl.0000000000009848
  2. ScreenIT

    SciScore for 10.1101/2020.04.28.20082735: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    Institutional Review Board StatementIACUC: Standard Protocol Approvals, Registrations, and Patient Consents: This study received approval from the ethical standards committee on human experimentation (local ethics committee of the ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia: NP 4051, approved April 6, 2020).
    Consent: The requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics commission for patients who were not longer alive or reachable at the time of approval, while full written informed consent was required for all other participants.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains
    SentencesResources
    All data were imputed and checked by four physicians (AB, AP, MG and IL).
    AB
    suggested: RRID:BDSC_203)
    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    11 Data analyses were carried out using SPSS software (version 21.0) and GraphPad Prism (version 8.0).
    SPSS
    suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)
    GraphPad Prism
    suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

    Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:
    We acknowledge that this study entails some limitations. First, due to the retrospective study design, not all laboratory tests were performed in all patients, including high sensitivity troponin T, ferritin and d-dimer, therefore their role could have not been thoroughly assessed in this study. Second, results on stroke do not take into account several factors due to the retrospective design, including stroke subtypes, infarct volume and recanalization rates. Third, interpretation of our findings could be limited by sample size and by the single-center design. Fourth, there could be a selection bias due to the unwillingness of patients with COVID-related symptoms or infection to come for hospital neurological evaluation unless extremely necessary, as with stroke, epilepsy or other major neurological disorders. Further larger, multi-center, prospective studies should be performed to confirm these findings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest retrospective cohort study among patients with neurological disorders and COVID-19, with a definite outcome. Patients with COVID-19 and neurological disease have worse clinical and neurological outcomes, with higher in-hospital mortality rates compared to patients without COVID-19.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

  3. Version published to 10.1101/2020.04.28.20082735v2 on medRxiv
  4. Version published to 10.1101/2020.04.28.20082735v1 on medRxiv