Durable SARS-CoV-2 B cell immunity after mild or severe disease
This article has been Reviewed by the following groups
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- Evaluated articles (ScreenIT)
- Evaluated articles (Rapid Reviews Infectious Diseases)
Abstract
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Mark Sangster
Review 2: "Durable SARS-CoV-2 B cell immunity after mild or severe disease"
This study investigates B cell responses in COVID-19 patients and finds infection elicits S protein RBD-specific memory B cells in most participants. Reviewers deem the study reliable, but find some claims overreaching citing lack of functional data.
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Joel Wilmore
Review 1: "Durable SARS-CoV-2 B cell immunity after mild or severe disease"
This study investigates B cell responses in COVID-19 patients and finds infection elicits S protein RBD-specific memory B cells in most participants. Reviewers deem the study reliable, but find some claims overreaching citing lack of functional data.
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Strength of evidence
Reviewers: Joel Wilmore (SUNY Upstate Medical University) | 📒📒📒 ◻️◻️
Mark Sangster (University of Rochester Medical Center) | 📘📘📘📘📘 -
SciScore for 10.1101/2020.10.28.20220996: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement IRB: Study approval: This research was approved by the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine’s Institutional Review Board (IRB).
Consent: Prior to blood collection, all participants provided informed written consent.Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Antibodies Sentences Resources Anti-human secondary antibodies used included Fc-specific total IgG HRP (1:5,000 dilution, Invitrogen), prepared in PBS-T plus 1% non-fat milk. Anti-human secondarysuggested: Nonetotal IgGsuggested: NoneExperimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources SciScore for 10.1101/2020.10.28.20220996: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement IRB: Study approval: This research was approved by the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine’s Institutional Review Board (IRB).
Consent: Prior to blood collection, all participants provided informed written consent.Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Antibodies Sentences Resources Anti-human secondary antibodies used included Fc-specific total IgG HRP (1:5,000 dilution, Invitrogen), prepared in PBS-T plus 1% non-fat milk. Anti-human secondarysuggested: Nonetotal IgGsuggested: NoneExperimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources The samples were incubated for one hour at room temperature, then 100 uL of each dilution was added to one well of a 96 well plate of VeroE6-TMPRSS2 cells in sextuplet for 6 hours at 37°C. VeroE6-TMPRSS2suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1819, RRID:CVCL_YQ49)Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources Coating buffer was removed, plates were washed three times with 300 μl of PBS-T wash buffer (1xPBS plus 0.1% Tween 20, Fisher Scientific), and blocked with 200 μl of PBS-T with 3% non-fat milk (milk powder, American Bio) by volume for one hour at room temperature. Fisher Scientificsuggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific, RRID:SCR_008452)Statistical analysis: FlowJo software was used to analyze all the flow results from the LSRII. FlowJosuggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)Statistical analyses were performed in Prism (Graphpad software). Prismsuggested: (PRISM, RRID:SCR_005375)Graphpadsuggested: (GraphPad, RRID:SCR_000306)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:A limitation of this study is the lack of long-term longitudinal sampling of B cells after infection, which would be required to prove that the S-RBD-specific MBC responses observed here are truly durable. These studies will be pursued as longitudinal samples become available. However, we have shown here that S-RBD-specific MBC in most infected individuals have a phenotype that very closely resembles the phenotype of germinal center-derived MBC induced by effective vaccination against influenza and tetanus. Of particular note is the upregulation of FCRL5 on S-RBD-specific class switched rMBC after either mild or severe disease. FCRL5 is expressed by most germinal center-derived MBC in plasmodium-infected mice, and these FCRL5+ MBC differentiate into ASC on re-challenge (26). In addition, Kim et al. found that in humans, presumably vaccinated against tetanus months to years prior, FCRL5 was upregulated on tetanus specific rMBC (CD21+, CD27+) but not on bulk rMBC (26). Nellore et al. showed similar results after influenza vaccination of humans, demonstrating that hemagglutinin (HA)-specific, FCRL5+ MBC were induced by vaccination, and that these FCRL5+ MBC preferentially differentiated into plasmablasts upon antigen rechallenge approximately a year after vaccination (27). Further studies will be necessary to understand the implications of CD22 upregulation on S-RBD-specific rMBC and intMBC, CXCR5 downregulation on S-RBD-specific atyMBC, and CD38 upregulation on S-RBD-specific a...
Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
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