Multicenter analysis of neutrophil extracellular trap dysregulation in adult and pediatric COVID-19

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Abstract

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  1. SciScore for 10.1101/2022.02.24.22271475: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    EthicsIRB: All individuals were enrolled in protocols approved by local Institutional Review Boards (
    Consent: Post-mortem tissue collection: Autopsies were performed and tissues were collected as previously described(Huang et al., 2021b) in the National Cancer Institute’s Laboratory of Pathology at the NIH Clinical Center, coordinated by the NIH COVID-19 Autopsy Consortium and following consent of the legal next of kin.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Antibodies
    SentencesResources
    After washing three times with washing buffer (0.05% Tween in PBS), samples were incubated with mouse monoclonal anti-double stranded DNA antibody (EMD Millipore, Clone BV16-13, MAB030) at 1:100 in blocking buffer for 1 h at RT.
    anti-double stranded DNA
    suggested: (Millipore Cat# MAB030, RRID:AB_93965)
    Plate was washed three times and incubated with goat anti-mouse conjugated HRP antibody (1:10,000) (Bio-Rad, 1721012) for 1h at RT.
    anti-mouse conjugated HRP
    suggested: None
    (Carmona-Rivera et al., 2017) Immunofluorescence: Neutrophils were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde in PBS overnight at 4°C, washed, and blocked with 0.2% porcine gelatin (Sigma, St. Louise, MO) for 30 min, then incubated with primary antibody (anti-C1q or patient serum) for 1 h in a humid chamber at 37°C.
    anti-C1q
    suggested: None
    Horseradish conjugated-anti-human IgG secondary antibody (1:5,000; Sigma) was incubated for 1 h at RT, followed by 5 washes with PBS-T.
    IgG
    suggested: None
    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    WGS libraries were generated from fragmented DNA using the Illumina TruSeq DNA PCR-Free HT Library Preparation Kit with minor modifications for automation (Hamilton STAR Liquid Handling System).
    WGS
    suggested: None
    All sequencing date were then processed with Burrows–Wheeler Aligner (BWA) and the Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK
    BWA
    suggested: (BWA, RRID:SCR_010910)
    Genome Analysis Toolkit
    suggested: None
    GATK
    suggested: (GATK, RRID:SCR_001876)
    All figures and associated statistics were performed using GraphPad Prism Version 8.1.1 (La Jolla, CA)
    GraphPad Prism
    suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)

    Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.


    Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:
    Limitations of the study are primarily derived from the heterogeneity of the cohorts. The clinical centers sites did not all collect the same clinical characteristics during the peak of the pandemic, limiting in some cases the comparisons among groups, as mentioned above. Furthermore, at this point, we do not have comprehensive details regarding the development of chronic complications and/or long-COVID ensuing after COVID-19 infection in these cohorts, which would allow us to further elucidate the impact of enhanced NET formation in this condition. It was difficult to assess the impact of specific therapies on NET formation/degradation as detailed information about medication treatment at each center was not available for our analysis. Additionally, we were limited in the collection of samples from patients infected with different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Despite these limitations, we were able to work with heterogenous and geographically diverse cohorts in both pediatric and adult populations. In summary, our findings support a link between NET dysregulation and pediatric manifestations of COVID-19 in association with specific disease manifestations. Pediatric and adult symptomatic COVID-19 patients displayed impaired NET degradation that did not appear to be genetically driven. These results highlight a putative pathogenic role of NETs and impairments in NET degradation in pediatric and adult subjects affected by COVID-19.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:

    IdentifierStatusTitle
    NCT04582903RecruitingSend-In Sample Collection for Comprehensive Analyses of Inna…
    NCT03394053RecruitingThe Mechanistic Biology of Primary Immunodeficiency Disorder…
    NCT03610802RecruitingSend-In Sample Collection to Achieve Genetic and Immunologic…


    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.


    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.


    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.


    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.