Emergence and Spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern Delta across Different Brazilian Regions

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Abstract

Amid the SARS-CoV-2 continuously changing epidemic profile, this study details the space-time dynamics of the emergence of the Delta lineage across Brazilian territories, pointing out its multiple introductions in the country and its most prevalent sublineages. Some of these sublineages have their emergence, alongside their genomic composition and geographic distribution, detailed here for the first time.

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  1. SciScore for 10.1101/2021.11.25.21266251: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

    Table 2: Resources

    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    The resulting dataset (n = 4,260) was aligned with MAFFT v7.453 (Katoh, 2002) and assigned to PANGO lineages (Rambaut et al., 2020) by the Pangolin algorithm (O’Toole et al., 2021).
    MAFFT
    suggested: (MAFFT, RRID:SCR_011811)
    Identification of Phylogenetic Clusters: An initial dataset of 4,260 sequences was employed in a Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogenetic reconstruction with IQ-TREE v2.1.3 (Minh et al., 2020), using a GTR + I + F + Г4 nucleotide substitution model as selected by ModelFinder (Kalyaanamoorthy et al., 2017) to identify possible phylogenetic clusters of VOC Delta in Brazilian territory.
    IQ-TREE
    suggested: (IQ-TREE, RRID:SCR_017254)
    To trace back their MRCA (Most Recent Common Ancestor) and reconstruct their spatial diffusion pattern, a time-scaled phylogenetic tree was inferred in the Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach as implemented in the software package BEAST v1.10.4 (Drummond et al., 2002, Marc A Suchard et al., 2018) with BEAGLE (Suchard & Rambaut, 2009) to improve run-time efficiency.
    BEAST
    suggested: (BEAST, RRID:SCR_010228)
    BEAGLE
    suggested: (BEAGLE, RRID:SCR_001789)
    MCMC chains were run for 200 × 106 generations, and convergence and uncertainty of parameter estimates were assessed by calculating the Effective Sample Size (ESS) and 95% Highest Probability Density (HPD) values with Tracer v1.7.1 (Rambaut et al., 2018).
    Tracer
    suggested: (Tracer, RRID:SCR_019121)
    The maximum clade credibility (MCC) trees were summarized with TreeAnnotator v1.10.4 and visualized with FigTree v1.4.4 (Rambaut, 2009).
    TreeAnnotator
    suggested: (BEAST2, RRID:SCR_017307)
    FigTree
    suggested: (FigTree, RRID:SCR_008515)
    All non-synonymous substitutions and deletions detected in the majority of sequences (≥ 75%) were represented in a heatmap generated with the ggplot2 package (https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/ggplot.html).
    ggplot2
    suggested: (ggplot2, RRID:SCR_014601)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).


    Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.


    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.


    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.


    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.


    About SciScore

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