SARS-CoV-2 Genome Sequencing Methods Differ in Their Abilities To Detect Variants from Low-Viral-Load Samples

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Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genomic surveillance has been vital in understanding the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the emergence of viral escape mutants, and variants of concern. However, low viral loads in clinical specimens affect variant calling for phylogenetic analyses and detection of low-frequency variants, important in uncovering infection transmission chains.

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  1. SciScore for 10.1101/2021.05.01.442304: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    EthicsIRB: Ethical and governance approval for the study was granted by the Western Sydney Local Health District Human Research Ethics Committee (2020/ETH02426).
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Cell Line AuthenticationContamination: Routine mycoplasma testing was performed to exclude mycoplasma contamination of the cell line and all culture work was undertaken in physical containment laboratory level 3 (PC3) biosafety conditions.

    Table 2: Resources

    Experimental Models: Cell Lines
    SentencesResources
    Viral isolation: SARS-CoV-2 positive respiratory specimens were cultured in Vero C1008 cells (Vero 76, clone E6, Vero E6 [ECACC 85020206]) as previously outlined [32].
    Vero C1008
    suggested: ATCC Cat# CRL-1586, RRID:CVCL_0574)
    Vero E6
    suggested: None
    Briefly, Vero cell cultures were seeded at 1-3 × 104 cells/cm2 in Dulbecco’s minimal essential medium (DMEM, LONZA, Alpharetta, GA, USA) supplemented with 9% foetal bovine serum (FBS, HyClone, Cytiva, Sydney, Australia).
    Vero
    suggested: RRID:CVCL_ZW93)
    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    Demultiplexed reads were quality trimmed using Trimmomatic v0.36 (sliding window of 4, minimum read quality score of 20, leading/trailing quality of 5 and minimum length of 36 after trimming) [35].
    Trimmomatic
    suggested: (Trimmomatic, RRID:SCR_011848)
    Briefly, reads were mapped to the reference SARS-CoV-2 genome (NCBI GenBank accession MN908947.3) using BWA-mem version 0.7.17, with unmapped reads discarded.
    BWA-mem
    suggested: (Sniffles, RRID:SCR_017619)

    Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.


    Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.


    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.


    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.


    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.


    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.