Remdesivir and GS-441524 Retain Antiviral Activity against Delta, Omicron, and Other Emergent SARS-CoV-2 Variants
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Abstract
Genetic variation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in the emergence and rapid spread of multiple variants throughout the pandemic, of which Omicron is currently the predominant variant circulating worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern/variants of interest (VOC/VOI) have evidence of increased viral transmission, disease severity, or decreased effectiveness of vaccines and neutralizing antibodies.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2022.02.09.479840: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Antibodies Sentences Resources The blocking buffer was then aspirated and 50 μL of a 1:4000 dilution of rabbit anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) antibody (MA536086, Invitrogen) in blocking buffer was added and incubated for 2 h at 37°C. anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (Nsuggested: NoneMA536086suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# MA5-36086, RRID:AB_2866697)Experimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources A549-ACE2 cells that stably express human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) were established and provided … SciScore for 10.1101/2022.02.09.479840: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Antibodies Sentences Resources The blocking buffer was then aspirated and 50 μL of a 1:4000 dilution of rabbit anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) antibody (MA536086, Invitrogen) in blocking buffer was added and incubated for 2 h at 37°C. anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (Nsuggested: NoneMA536086suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# MA5-36086, RRID:AB_2866697)Experimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources A549-ACE2 cells that stably express human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) were established and provided by the University of Texas Medical Branch (46). A549-ACE2suggested: NoneAll viruses were propagated 1-2 times in Vero-TMPRSS2 cells as follows. Vero-TMPRSS2suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1818, RRID:CVCL_YQ48)Nucleoprotein ELISA: 3×104 A549-ACE2-TMPRSS2 cells in 100 μL DMEM (supplemented with 10% FBS and 1X penicillin/streptomycin) were seeded into each well of a 96-well plate and incubated overnight. A549-ACE2-TMPRSS2suggested: NoneAntiviral activity assessment from recombinant luciferase containing viruses: For Nluc readouts, 1.2×104 A549-hACE2 cells per well were suspended in 50 μL infection medium and seeded into a white clear-bottom 96-well plate (Corning) and incubated overnight at 37°C with 5% CO2. A549-hACE2suggested: RRID:CVCL_A5KB)Recombinant DNA Sentences Resources Site-directed mutagenesis and recombinant virus rescue: To produce recombinant SARS-CoV-2 virus, we utilized a SARS-CoV-2 reverse genetics system previously described (24, 49) that was slightly modified by fusing plasmids F1-F3 single plasmid making it a 3-plasmid reverse genetics system producing infectious virus containing either Nano luciferase (Nluc) or the Firefly luciferase (Fluc) transgene. F1-F3suggested: RRID:Addgene_87224)Desired substitutions in nsp12 of the SARS-CoV-2 genome were added to the nsp12 containing F4 plasmid using the Quick-Change PCR protocol using Platinum SuperFI II PCR master-mix (ThermoFisher Scientific cat. No. 12361010) following manufacturer’s protocols. F4suggested: NoneSoftware and Algorithms Sentences Resources EC50 values were determined using GraphPad Prism 8.1.2 using non-linear regression curve fits. GraphPad Prismsuggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- No conflict of interest statement was detected. If there are no conflicts, we encourage authors to explicit state so.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.
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