Exponential increase in neutralizing and spike specific antibodies following vaccination of COVID ‐19 convalescent plasma donors
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Abstract
Background
With the recent approval of COVID‐19 vaccines, recovered COVID‐19 subjects who are vaccinated may be ideal candidates to donate COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP).
Case Series
Eleven recovered COVID‐19 patients were screened to donate CCP. All had molecularly confirmed COVID‐19, and all but one were antibody positive by chemiluminescence immunoassay (DiaSorin) prior to vaccination. All were tested again for antibodies 11–21 days after they were vaccinated (Pfizer/Moderna). All showed dramatic increases (~50‐fold) in spike‐specific antibody levels and had at least a 20‐fold increase in the IC50 neutralizing antibody titer based on plaque reduction neutralization testing (PRNT). The spike‐specific antibody levels following vaccination were significantly higher than those seen in any non‐vaccinated COVID‐19 subjects tested to date at our facility.
Conclusion
Spike‐specific and neutralizing antibodies demonstrated dramatic increases following a single vaccination after COVID‐19 infection, which significantly exceeded values seen with COVID‐19 infection alone. Recovered COVID‐19 subjects who are vaccinated may make ideal candidates for CCP donation.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2021.02.02.21250836: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Antibodies Sentences Resources Serum from all subjects was stored at -30C or colder prior to SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing. SARS-CoV-2suggested: NoneAnti-SARS-CoV-2 electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, which target total antibodies (IgG, IgM, IgA) to the nucleocapsid protein. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 electrochemiluminescence immunoassay , which target total antibodies ( IgGsuggested: NoneIgM , IgAsuggested: NoneExperimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources Neutralization assay: Vero E6 cells … SciScore for 10.1101/2021.02.02.21250836: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Antibodies Sentences Resources Serum from all subjects was stored at -30C or colder prior to SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing. SARS-CoV-2suggested: NoneAnti-SARS-CoV-2 electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, which target total antibodies (IgG, IgM, IgA) to the nucleocapsid protein. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 electrochemiluminescence immunoassay , which target total antibodies ( IgGsuggested: NoneIgM , IgAsuggested: NoneExperimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources Neutralization assay: Vero E6 cells (available from ATCC) were maintained in 10% FBS-DMEM in a humidified incubator at 37°C in 5% CO2. Vero E6suggested: NoneResults from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:Given that limitation, public health officials have been left to develop their own policies regarding whether and/or when to vaccinate recovered COVID-19 patients. As mentioned earlier, our facility selected 90 days post infection before recovered COVID-19 patients are offered the vaccine. Other sites have shorter time periods as some studies have shown that antibody responses may wane following infection20. This small case series provides evidence that some, if not most, recovered patients have evidence of an amnestic antibody response 8-10 months following infection. In this case series, all (10 of 10) subjects who had been antibody positive prior to CCP donation had robust antibody response to just a single vaccination. Given that vaccine demand currently greatly exceeds supply, these results raise the potential that antibody testing could be used to determine vaccine eligibility. One possible scenario is that antibody negative patients could be eligible for the vaccine at any point after infection while antibody positives be deferred for longer periods of time. Additionally, the strong antibody responses in these subjects following the first vaccination suggests that the second vaccine dose may not be necessary. The relative stable antibody levels in our 3 subjects seen 2 weeks after the second vaccine seems to support this possibility. In conclusion, this small case series provides evidence to support a strong amnestic antibody response in recovered COVID-19 subjects who...
Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:
Identifier Status Title NCT04368728 Active, not recruiting Study to Describe the Safety, Tolerability, Immunogenicity, … NCT04470427 Active, not recruiting A Study to Evaluate Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of … Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.
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