Immunopathological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 cases in Guangzhou, China
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Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a respiratory disorder caused by the highly contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The immunopathological characteristics of patients with COVID‐19, either systemic or local, have not been thoroughly studied. In the present study, we analysed both the changes in the number of various immune cell types as well as cytokines important for immune reactions and inflammation. Our data indicate that patients with severe COVID‐19 exhibited an overall decline of lymphocytes including CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, B cells and natural killer cells. The number of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells was moderately increased in patients with mild COVID‐19. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐10 and C‐reactive protein were remarkably up‐regulated in patients with severe COVID‐19. In conclusion, our study shows that the comprehensive decrease of lymphocytes, and the elevation of IL‐6, IL‐10 and C‐reactive protein are reliable indicators of severe COVID‐19.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2020.03.12.20034736: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement IRB: Patients: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital.
Consent: Thirty-one individuals who were diagnosed to have mild/moderate COVID-19 symptoms (17 men, 14 women, average age=44.5), and 25 individuals who were diagnosed to show severe COVID-19 symptoms (18 males, 7 females, average age=66) in Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital between January 2020 and February 2020 were enrolled in the study with informed consent.Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable Thirty-one individuals who were diagnosed to have mild/moderate COVID-19 symptoms (17 men, 14 women, … SciScore for 10.1101/2020.03.12.20034736: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement IRB: Patients: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital.
Consent: Thirty-one individuals who were diagnosed to have mild/moderate COVID-19 symptoms (17 men, 14 women, average age=44.5), and 25 individuals who were diagnosed to show severe COVID-19 symptoms (18 males, 7 females, average age=66) in Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital between January 2020 and February 2020 were enrolled in the study with informed consent.Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable Thirty-one individuals who were diagnosed to have mild/moderate COVID-19 symptoms (17 men, 14 women, average age=44.5), and 25 individuals who were diagnosed to show severe COVID-19 symptoms (18 males, 7 females, average age=66) in Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital between January 2020 and February 2020 were enrolled in the study with informed consent. Table 2: Resources
Antibodies Sentences Resources The blood samples were then incubated with FITC-conjugated CD4 antibody, Violet 450-conjugated CD127 antibody, Percp-conjugated CD45 antibody, and APC-conjugated CD25 antibody (5µg/ml each, all from BD Biosciences) for 15 minutes on ice. CD4suggested: (BD Biosciences Cat# 560249, RRID:AB_1645496)CD127suggested: (BD Biosciences Cat# 560249, RRID:AB_1645496)CD45suggested: NoneCD25suggested: NoneSoftware and Algorithms Sentences Resources Statistics: The data were indicated as mean□±□standard deviation and measured by GraphPad Prism 6.0. GraphPad Prismsuggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
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