Systematic and Bibliometric Insights of Over Seven Decades of Sickle Cell Disease Research in Africa

Sickle cell disease (SCD) remains a major public health challenge in Africa, yet the research landscape is often fragmented, with limited policy translation. This study offers a comprehensive review of SCD research in Africa over seventy-four (74) years, integrating a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis to assess trends, influence, and collaboration patterns. A total of 2,132 articles published between 1926 and 2024 were retrieved from the Scopus database using PRISMA guidelines. Bibliometric tools, including VOSviewer and the R-based Bibliometrix package enabled citation analysis, co authorship mapping, and keyword clustering. The findings reveal 7,178 contributing authors across 728 journals, with an average of 11.16 citations per publication. The year 2022 recorded the highest output, with 167 articles, while 1970 had the highest average number of citations per article. Williams, TN was the most cited author, while Makani J. emerged as the most prolific and impactful. Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences in Tanzania led in institutional productivity, and Nigeria Niger collaborations were the most frequent. Research trends have shifted from early clinical understanding toward management innovations and therapeutic development. However, critical gaps persist in multi omics integration, access to newborn screening, regional trial participation, and implementation science. The study calls for an inclusive research strategy that aligns with national health policies, boosts regional collaboration, and ensures evidence-based interventions for SCD across Africa.