The Brain Imaging and Neurophysiology Database: BINDing multimodal neural data into a large-scale repository

The Brain Imaging and Neurophysiology Database (BIND) represents one of the largest multi-institutional, multimodal, clinical neuroimaging repositories, comprising 1.8 million brain scans from 38,945 patients, linked to neurophysiological recordings. This comprehensive dataset addresses critical limitations in neuroimaging research by providing unprecedented scale and diversity across pathologies and health. BIND integrates de-identified data from Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Stanford University, including 1,723,699 MRI scans (1.5 Tesla, 3 Tesla, and 7 Tesla), 54,137 CT scans, 5,093 PET scans, and 526 SPECT scans, converted to standardized NIfTI format following BIDS organization. The database spans the full age spectrum (newborn to 106 years) and encompasses diverse neurological conditions alongside healthy patients. We deployed Bio-Medical Large Language Models to extract structured clinical metadata from 84,960 brain-related reports, categorizing findings into standardized pathology classifications. All imaging data are linked to previously published EEG and polysomnography recordings from the Harvard Electroencephalography Database, enabling unprecedented multimodal analyses. BIND is freely accessible for academic research through the Brain Data Science Platform ( https://bdsp.io/ ). This resource facilitates large-scale neuroimaging studies, machine learning applications, and multimodal brain research to accelerate discoveries in clinical neuroscience.