Targeting a future generation free from female genital mutilation: an awareness impacting observational study in central Tanzania
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Background
Limited health information and education about female genital mutilation (FGM) risks in at-risk children, especially in prevalent societies in Tanzania, hinder breaking the cycle, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. This year-long study analyzed the impact of educational interventions on raising awareness of FGM among young adults aged 15 to 19, promoting community discussions, and intergenerational abandonment, in the Chamwino district, Dodoma region, Tanzania.
Methods
A mixed-methods community-based cross-sectional explanatory sequential design was conducted from April 2023 to March 2024. A completed follow-up sample of 452 participants from hospitals and schools evaluated the impact of educational interventions. Content analysis of 10 interviews triangulated findings. SPSS v25 provided descriptive and inferential statistics. Paired t-test, chi-square, prevalence ratios, and logistic regression (p < 0.05, 95% CI) assessed variable significance accordingly.
Results
7.3% self-reported FGM, 16.6% observed in labor wards. Adequate awareness increased from 1.3% to 14.6%, p < .001. 96.7% knew FGM was harmful, 95.8% desired its abandonment. Content analysis yielded three themes: the hidden system, blood and lies, and intergenerational revolt.
Conclusion
FGM persists in Chamwino, shifting to early childhood to avoid legal consequences. The study raised awareness, changed attitudes, and encouraged community discussion. However, whether these changes will reduce FGM over generations remains uncertain, necessitating ongoing sensitization and evaluation.
