Development and Implementation of a Dynamic Antimicrobial Stewardship Dashboard: Real-Time Monitoring from ‘Start Smart’ to ‘Then Focus’
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Background
Antimicrobial resistance poses an escalating global health threat, with bacterial resistance causing 1.27 million deaths in 2019 and projected to claim 10 million lives annually by 2050. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes represent critical interventions, yet current monitoring systems remain fragmented and retrospective, limiting real-time clinical decision support. This study aims to develop and validate a dynamic antimicrobial stewardship dashboard aligned with the UK’s “Start Smart, Then Focus” framework, providing comprehensive real-time monitoring from empirical therapy initiation through discharge.
Methods
A four-phase methodology was employed, informed by three foundational studies: a systematic literature review of AMS strategies, retrospective analysis of 640 medical records comparing pre-pandemic (2019) and pandemic (2020) prescribing patterns, and a cross-sectional survey of 125 pharmacists. The dashboard development encompassed evidence synthesis, user-centred design, technical implementation using Excel-based architecture, and clinical integration with comprehensive validation protocols.
Results
The developed dashboard successfully integrates dual-phase monitoring capabilities, capturing both “Start Smart” empirical prescribing patterns and “Then Focus” pathogen-directed interventions. Key functionality includes interactive filtering by temporal, spatial, and clinical variables; real-time visualisation of prescribing patterns, microbiology data, and AMS intervention outcomes; and ward-level monitoring supporting targeted quality improvement initiatives. Technical validation demonstrated robust performance with high data accuracy concordance, whilst expert validation confirmed strong clinical relevance and usability across multidisciplinary teams. The system achieved comprehensive surveillance from admission through discharge, addressing identified gaps in existing monitoring approaches.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates successful development of an innovative AMS dashboard that transforms stewardship monitoring from retrospective auditing to proactive clinical decision support. The Excel-based architecture ensures accessibility and sustainability whilst maintaining sophisticated analytical capabilities. By providing real-time intervention identification, supporting quality improvement initiatives, and facilitating educational applications, the dashboard offers a practical pathway towards more effective, data-driven antimicrobial stewardship that can contribute significantly to global efforts combating antimicrobial resistance.
