Cumulative Genetic Risk for Asthma Contributes to Disease Severity in Children with Asthma living in Urban Environments
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Background
Childhood-onset asthma is highly heritable, with nearly 200 risk loci identified in genome-wide association studies. Aggregated polygenic risk scores can be used to quantify genetic predisposition to asthma, but their power to predict asthma severity in multi-ancestral groups has not been determined.
Objective
Our aim was to examine the predictive power of biobank-derived asthma polygenic risk scores in children with asthma living in urban environments.
Methods
We generated polygenic risk scores for asthma, derived from a large-scale genome-wide association meta-analysis, in four multi-ancestry asthma study cohorts of children living in urban environments. We assessed genetic predictions across different subphenotypes of asthma and tested for associations between genetic asthma risk and measures of asthma severity.
Results
Genetic asthma prediction was significantly stronger for more symptomatic asthma phenotypes (P<0.001). Polygenic risk scores were significantly higher in difficult-to-control vs. easy-to-control asthma (P=0.02). Genetic risk was also significantly associated with more frequent exacerbations (P=0.03), higher blood eosinophil levels (P=0.01), and lower lung function (P<0.001).
Conclusion
Cumulative genetic risk for asthma is associated with disease severity and exacerbation risk in children with asthma living in urban environments.
