New evidence that Callithrix spp. is assuming an important role in the epidemiology of yellow fever virus

  1. Marcio Junio Lima Siconelli
  2. Jessica Caroline de Almeida Dias
  3. Eduardo Ferreira Machado
  4. Mariana Sequetin Cunha
  5. Natalia Coelho Couto de Azevedo Fernandes
  6. Juliana Mariotti Guerra
  7. Luana Bonon
  8. Alline Borges Salomao
  9. Karin Werther
  10. Karina Paes Burger
  11. Adolorata Aparecida Bianco Carvalho
  12. Daniel Marques
  13. Benedito Antonio Lopes da Fonseca
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Abstract

In 2023, a new yellow fever virus (YFV) lineage was introduced in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. From July 2024 to June 2025, nine Callithrix penicillata tested positive, showing low YFV viral load but characteristic organ lesions, suggesting this genus may replace Alouatta sp. as sentinel to detect YFV circulation.

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  1. Version published to 10.1101/2025.09.07.25335112 on medRxiv