Diagnostic value of combined detection of pepsinogen, gastrin-17, and 13 C-urea breath test in children with chronic gastritis: A multivariate analysis
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Background
This study evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of combining pepsinogen (PG I/II), gastrin-17 (G-17), and 13 C-urea breath test ( 13 C-UBT) for chronic gastritis in children using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.
Methods
Between June 2018 and August 2023, 65 children from Jun’an Branch Hospital of Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, diagnosed with chronic gastritis (chronic gastritis group), and 50 healthy children (control group) participated in this study. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) determined serum levels of PG I, PG II, and G-17. Furthermore, 13 C-UBT was performed for Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection detection. Both groups underwent serological tests and gastroscopy.
Results
Combined detection showed significantly higher positive rates than individual PG I/II or G-17 tests (P < 0.05), though comparable to 13 C-UBT alone. Chronic gastritis patients exhibited elevated PG I, PG II, and G-17 levels versus controls (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified PG I (OR = 2.982, P = 0.011), G-17 (OR = 3.527, P = 0.0013), and 13 C-UBT positivity (OR = 4.193, P = 0.002) as significant predictors. ROC analysis revealed AUCs of 0.673 (PG I), 0.792 (G-17), 0.814 ( 13 C-UBT), and 0.887 (combined), with sensitivity ≥89% and specificity >76%.
Conclusion
Serum PG I, G-17 detection, and 13 C-UBT provided considerable predictive accuracy for chronic gastritis in children, and combination testing further improved diagnostic accuracy in this population.
