Prevalence of Risk Factors and Established Cardiovascular Disease Among All of Us Participants: Benchmarking Against National Estimates
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Introduction
Knowing how All of Us (AoU) Research Program participants differ in demographics and prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and established cardiovascular disease (CVD) from the U.S population is important for cardiovascular researchers using these data, and to provide context to their findings.
Methods
We included AoU participants enrolled between May 2017-June 2022. ‘AoU Survey’ cohort included participants who completed the Personal and Family Health History survey (N=185,232). ‘AoU EHR’ included participants with linked EHR data (N = 287,012). We identified cardiovascular risk factors and established CVD through survey questions in ‘AoU Survey’ and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), and SNOMED codes for ‘AoU EHR’. Prevalence was compared to the weighted NHANES 2017-March 2020 cycle (N=9,683 representing 248 million), overall and by demographic sub-groups.
Results
‘AoU Survey’ and ‘AoU EHR’ were both older than NHANES (56.1±17 years and 57.6±17 years versus 47.5±18 years) with more female participants. Black participants were underrepresented in ‘AoU Survey’. Prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities in ‘AoU Survey’ and NHANES were similar overall, but lower when stratified by age and among female participants. Black participants had higher rates of many comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure than the U.S Black population, but lower chronic kidney disease. ‘AoU EHR’ with its code-based identification had distinctly higher prevalence of most cardiovascular comorbidities.
Conclusion
AoU includes more historically underrepresented groups, as intended. However, researchers should understand that demographic composition and disease prevalence change based on data availability and how conditions are ascertained.
