Humoral and T-Cell Responses Following MVA-BN Booster Vaccination Against Mpox Virus Clades Ib and IIb
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The immunity conferred by MVA-BN vaccination against mpox appears to wane over time, particularly in individuals without prior smallpox vaccination, highlighting the potential benefit of a booster dose. We evaluated both humoral and cellular immune responses elicited by an MVA-BN booster administered at least 2 years after the primary course in 37 individuals at risk for mpox. Our results show that the booster restores and enhances both neutralising antibodies and T-cell responses, supporting the immunological value of booster strategies for individuals at ongoing risk of mpox. Moreover, we observed significant increases in IgG titres against both MPXV clades IIb and Ib, suggesting cross-protection among Orthopoxviruses . These findings support the use of a booster dose two years after the MVA-BN primary cycle to strengthen immunity in high-risk populations. They may inform future vaccination guidelines and public health recommendations in the evolving epidemiological context.
Short Abstract
We assessed humoral and cellular immune responses following an MVA-BN booster administered ≥2 years after the primary course in individuals at risk for mpox. The booster significantly increased IgG titers against MPXV (clades Ib and IIb), neutralising antibodies and T-cell responses, suggesting the booster’s benefit.
