Knowledge and Attitude Towards Chronic Kidney Disease Among Residents in the Tamale Metropolis: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Introduction
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) affects 10-13% of the global population, with higher prevalence in regions like Sub-Saharan Africa and Ghana. It is linked to major non-communicable diseases and disproportionately impacts lower-middle-income countries. CKD often goes undiagnosed, with poor public awareness and misconceptions. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of residents in Tamale Metropolis towards CKD.
Method
A quantitative cross-sectional study design was employed to collect data from 441 residents across eleven communities in the Tamale Metropolis. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression analysis.
Results
The overall knowledge of residents towards CKD was 54.0%, while 66.0% of them expressed a positive attitude toward CKD patients. Attitude toward CKD patients was significantly associated with gender, education level, occupation, employment status, and income ( p < 0.001). Similarly, knowledge of CKD was significantly linked to gender, education level, occupation, and employment status ( p < 0.001). The significant predictor of residents’ attitudes towards CKD was income levels (AOR = 3.39, p = 0.001). Also, significant predictors of knowledge on CKD were gender (AOR = 1.58, p = 0.04) and level of education (AOR = 7.16, p <0.01).
Conclusion
The results indicate general knowledge of CKD, yet significant gaps remain in knowledge about kidney function and risk factors. Additionally, while income status and gender were significant predictors of knowledge, education had a substantial impact on attitudes toward CKD. These results underscore the need for targeted educational initiatives to reduce stigma and enhance understanding across diverse demographics.
