The MagMa Study: Quantum Magnetocardiography in Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
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Background
Rapid diagnostic screening is an unmet need in patients with suspected cardiomyopathy. We recently demonstrated that magnetocardiography (MCG) might be a suitable tool to detect cardiomyopathies. We now tested diagnostic accuracy of MCG prospectively.
Methods
MCG uses a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) to detect the electromagnetic field of the heart. In our recent retrospective study, a T-beg-Tmax (MCG Score) > 0.051 identified patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of MCG compared to advanced imaging and/or endomyocardial biopsy (EMB). Results from EMB took precedence over advanced imaging. We enrolled 110 patients with angina-like symptoms after exclusion of coronary artery disease (Power calculation: Expected 80% power at a 5% significance level) from the emergency department, in-patient wards and outpatient clinics. Exclusion criteria included presence of intracardiac metal devices and treatment with immunosuppressants. We incorporated 220 healthy individuals using 1:2 propensity score matching (age, sex) for a total of 330 participants.
Results
MCG detected cardiomyopathy with 94.74% sensitivity (95% CI: 85-99%), 98.54% specificity (95% CI: 96-100%), 93.1% negative predictive value (NPV, 95% CI: 84-98%) and 94.34% positive predictive value (PPV, 95% CI: 84-98%). In 3 patients, CMR failed to detect non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, whereas MCG showed pathological results consistent with results of EMB. Results were highly reproducible (statistical uncertainty: 2.5%, T-beg-Tmax (MCG Score) +/− 0.004).
Conclusion
MCG offers a non-invasive, reproducible methodology for rapid and accurate detection of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Our data indicate that MCG may be an efficient tool for allocation of advanced imaging to those in greatest need.
