Global, National, and Regional Burden of Depressive Disorders in Menopause Women Aged 45--54 Years from 1990--2021

To analyze the trend changes in the burden of depressive disorders (DD) among menopausal women aged 45--54 years from 1990--2021 globally and to provide theoretical evidence for the prevention and treatment of DD in this population. Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 were used to study DD in women aged 45–54 years. The samples were split into two groups (45–49 and 50–54) for analysis. Three metrics—incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY)—were assessed to evaluate the disease burden of DD in menopausal women. Between 1990 and 2021, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) of DD in menopausal women aged 45–49 years globally declined, with estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) of -0.14 [-0.25, -0.02], -0.17 [-0.34, -0.01], and -0.16 [-0.29, -0.02], respectively. Conversely, no significant changes were detected in women aged 50–54 years (EAPCs: -0.08 [-0.18, 0.02], -0.13 [-0.26, -0.00], and -0.10 [-0.22, 0.01]). Regionally, in high-SDI areas, the ASPR, ASIR, and ASDR of DD in women aged 45–49 years increased (EAPCs: 0.30 [0.19, 0.42], 0.50 [0.32, 0.69], 0.39 [0.24, 0.54]), whereas those in low-, low-, middle-, middle-, and high- to middle-SDI regions decreased. Similarly, in high-SDI regions, the ASPR, ASIR, and ASDR of DD in women aged 50–54 rose (EAPCs: 0.36 [0.26, 0.45], 0.49 [0.34, 0.65], 0.41 [0.29, 0.54]), whereas other SDI regions showed a decline. This study analyzed the burden of DD among menopausal women aged 45--54 years globally from 1990--2021, revealing trend changes at the global, national, and regional levels. Despite a significant increase in the burden of DD among menopausal women over the past 31 years, the rates of increase in ASPR, ASIR, and ASDR have not continued to rise. Significant trend differences were observed across regions and age groups. Additionally, high-SDI regions experienced a faster increase in the burden of DD, whereas low-SDI regions faced a greater disease burden.