Sociodemographic Determinants of Respiratory Failure in Patients Hospitalized with SARI in Cali, Colombia
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Objectives
To analyze the association between respiratory failure and sociodemographic determinants in patients hospitalized with Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) in Cali, Colombia, in 2022.
Method
A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2022 respiratory failure notification file No. 348. A generalized linear model with an exponential binomial family was applied. Absolute frequencies, proportions, and odds ratios (OR) were estimated.
Results
Of 1,163 patients, 4.5% (n=52) developed respiratory failure. Those with high [OR: 2.03; 95%CI: 1.2–2.8] or medium-high [OR: 1.4; 95%CI: 0.9–3.7] vulnerability had a greater likelihood of respiratory failure compared to patients with low vulnerability. Asthma and COPD increased the risk [OR: 4.3; 95%CI: 1.5–6.03] and [OR: 3.3; 95%CI: 1.3–4.3], respectively. Sepsis was also identified as a significant risk factor [OR: 2.7; 95%CI: 1.8–3.5].
Conclusions
The results emphasize the need for targeted public health actions. Sociodemographic factors, especially multidimensional poverty such as limited education, income, and healthcare access play a key role in respiratory failure outcomes.
