A qualitative study of music-based intervention use for Alzheimer's disease in elder care communities

Because music-based interventions (MBIs) are not standard of care for Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease related dementias (AD/ADRD), it is likely that the application of them in different care communities differs widely. Additionally, there is no standardized use of personalized music listening and group music activities.

Objective:

The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the current use of music in long-term care communities, to identify trends and patterns of music use and record the perceived benefits that music use provides.

Methods:

This study utilized a qualitative research approach using semi-structured interviews with care community staff and care community observations to examine the role that music played as a therapeutic tool for individuals with AD/ADRD living in care communities.

Results:

Of the five communities visited, interviews were conducted at four communities. Two staff members were interviewed at each participating community resulting in eight total interviews. Both live and recorded music was used actively and passively and was perceived to stimulate memory, increase engagement, and energize or calm as needed.

Conclusions:

Elder care community staff are finding ways to integrate music because they believe it to be helpful. The adaptability of music for use in many situations is makes it useful throughout most of the day across a wide range staff duties and resident needs. The evidence for benefit of MBIs is growing, however, further investigation into MBI's in this setting is needed to develop guidelines for best practices incorporating music into elder care for people with dementia.