Malocclusion Following Early Primary Tooth Extraction: The Role of Socio-Economic Factors and Parental Awareness in Bangladesh

The research explored the link between premature deciduous teeth removal and malocclusion as well as parent decision-making affected by socioeconomic factors and their knowledge about early primary tooth extraction and its consequences. A study with 308 child-parent pairs evaluated both urban and rural areas of Bangladesh. Clinical examinations of the children were conducted while parents answered structured questionnaires about the matter. Descriptive statistics is conducted along with Chi-Square tests and logistic regression analyses for data examination. Research findings confirmed that early deciduous tooth extraction caused an increased risk of developing malocclusion since 50.0% of patients in the extraction group developed it compared to 26.0% in the non-extraction group (χ² = 6.519, p = 0.011). Parental decision to invest in orthodontic care was influenced by both family financial status and living in an urban area. Higher household earnings (OR = 1.69, p < 0.001) and residing in a city (OR = 7.17, p < 0.001) were discovered as main predictors for willingness to invest. The analysis revealed that 80.5% of parents remained unaware about the connection between early tooth extraction and malocclusion but higher education levels (OR = 0.744, p < 0.001) and urban residence (OR = 0.372, p = 0.005) increased their probability to have this knowledge. Protecting permanent teeth prevents malocclusion and demands strategic education programs for parents primarily in rural areas where population has limited education exposure. These study also illustrates how socio-economic factors affect oral health results, which indicates the importance for governments to address limited affordable orthodontic care availability among vulnerable groups in Bangladesh.