Characterization of BvlzGluc, a Novel Antifungal β-Glucanase from Bacillus velezensis , with Potential Agricultural and Industrial Applications
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β-glucanases play a critical role in degrading β-glucans, which are essential components of fungal cell walls that maintain fungal structure and physiology. This study characterizes BvlzGluc, a novel β-glucanase produced by Bacillus velezensis CECT 8237, which has potent antifungal properties. BvlzGluc specifically targets the β-glucan layer of Botrytis cinerea , causing significant structural malformations, impaired fungal development, and reduced virulence. These effects weaken the fungal cell wall, increasing its susceptibility to environmental stress and reducing its capacity to infect host plants. Notably, BvlzGluc is a noncanonical β-glucanase belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 16 (GH16) but presents unique structural features that distinguish it from typical members of this family, suggesting potential reclassification. Its physicochemical stability and simple structural design increase its suitability for scalable production, positioning it as a promising candidate for agricultural and industrial applications requiring efficient β-glucan degradation. This work builds on previous studies of microbial antifungal mechanisms, providing new insights into bacterial‒fungal interactions and reinforcing the potential of bacterial enzymes in sustainable pathogen management and advancing biotechnological innovations.
