Targeting primary and metastatic ovarian cancer with a peptide derived from the human NAF-1/CISD2 protein

Ovarian cancer is the most fatal cancer of female reproductive organs. Ovarian cancer is typically diagnosed at a late stage, after metastasis occurred, leading to a 5-years relative survival rate of only ∼5%. Here, we demonstrate the anti-ovarian cancer properties of a peptide derived from the human protein CISD2/NAF-1 (3D-NAF-1 ^44-67-6K ). This peptide selectively permeates the plasma membrane of ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells without affecting healthy cells. 3D-NAF-1 ^44-67-6K targets and destroys the cancer cells’ mitochondria which leads to cancer cell death. In vivo studies of mice carrying xenograft tumours of SKOV-3 showed that the peptide significantly decreased the overall size and growth rate of both primary and metastatic ovarian cancer tumours. We further show that 3D-NAF-1 ^44-67-6K has a broad-spectrum anticancer activity targeting leukaemia, brain, and pancreas cancer cells. Our study suggests that 3D-NAF-1 ^44-67-6K could be used, alone or in drug combinations, to treat ovarian cancer and improve patient survival.