Associations between Psychological Factors and Long-Term Dizziness Handicap in Vestibular Schwannoma Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Background
Vestibular schwannoma (VS) often results in persistent dizziness that negatively impacts quality of life (QoL). While physical effects are well-documented, the influence of psychological factors on dizziness severity is less studied. This study investigates how psychological characteristics affect dizziness in VS patients.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 93 VS patients were analyzed, with 77 (82.8%) reporting postoperative dizziness. Psychological factors, including premorbid disorders, personality traits, somatization, and current depression and anxiety levels, were assessed using self-report questionnaires. Correlations between these factors and dizziness severity, measured by the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), were examined.
Results
Patients with postoperative dizziness had higher depression levels and a greater prevalence of preoperative dizziness compared to those without postoperative dizziness. Significant correlations were found between dizziness severity and psychological factors: conscientiousness (r = .30, p = .03), social support (r = .32, p = .03), and the HADS total score (r = .36, p = .01). Emotional aspects of dizziness (DHI-E) were correlated with somatization (r = .27, p = .04) and anxiety (r = .40, p = .01). Functional aspects (DHI-F) were linked to conscientiousness (r = .31, p = .03) and depression (r = .26, p = .06).
Conclusion
Psychological factors significantly impact dizziness severity in VS patients. Incorporating psychological assessments and interventions, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and combined vestibular and psychological rehabilitation, may improve treatment outcomes and QoL. Further research is needed to assess the effectiveness of these approaches and their impact on the relationship between psychological factors and dizziness.
