Outcome of Graves’ Disease and Associated Genetic Predisposition: A Systematic Review of Literature
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Background
Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune hyperthyroidism that primarily affects the thyroid gland. The susceptibility, activity, and risk of recurrence of GD may be influenced by various genetic factors, which can interact with environmental triggers to precipitate disease relapse. This review examines the literature on the genetic predisposition to GD recurrence.
Methods
Literature from PubMed, EBSCOhost, and SCOPUS were searched. Three reviewers performed study selection and critical appraisal.
Result
Five studies were selected. The literature indicates a risk of relapse in PTPN22, CTLA-4, TSH-R, IL-21, KREC, and HLA gene abnormalities.
Conclusion
Several genes are associated with GD relapse. However, predicting relapse risk requires consideration of multiple factors beyond genetic predisposition.
