Achievement of diabetes treatment goals in Mexico from 2016–2022: A retrospective analysis of nationally representative surveys
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BACKGROUND
Cardiovascular (CVD) risk factor reduction is a cornerstone of diabetes management. Here, we aimed to estimate the prevalence and determinants of individual and combined CVD risk factor control goals amongst individuals living with diagnosed diabetes in Mexico.
METHODS
We analyzed Mexican National Health and Nutrition Surveys from 2016-2022 including individuals aged ≥20 years with diagnosed diabetes. We estimated the prevalence of glycemic, blood pressure, cholesterol, and smoking control, as well as combined control achievement according to current guidelines, as well as the prevalence of antihypertensive, statin and diabetes medication use. We also explored determinants of control achievement amongst individuals with diabetes using weighted logistic regression.
RESULTS
We analyzed data from 2,331 adults with diagnosed diabetes. Glycemic control increased over time reaching 41% (95%CI 30%–52%) by 2022. Blood pressure control remained similar over time reaching 45% (95%CI 35%–55%) in 2022, LDL-C control remained low regardless of the definition (<70 vs. <100 mg/dL), whilst smoking control was high and increased over time to 92% (95%CI 88%–96%) in 2022. Combined risk factor control achievement was low, primarily due to suboptimal LDL-C control, despite a high proportion of medication use. Control achievement was more likely in Northern Mexico, in younger individuals, those with college education or living in states with lower social lag.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest a need to improve comprehensive glycemic and CVD risk factor management for individuals living with diabetes in Mexico to improve diabetes care and reduce risk of adverse outcomes.
