Motor sequence learning elicits mu peak-specific corticospinal plasticity

Recent work suggests that motor learning’s neural mechanisms may be most active during specific sensorimotor mu rhythm phases. If so, motor sequence learning-induced corticospinal plasticity should be more evident during some mu phases than others. Our results show that motor sequence learning elicits corticospinal plasticity that is most prominent during mu peak phases. Furthermore, this peak-specific plasticity correlates with learning. Findings provide first evidence that motor learning elicits mu phase-dependent plasticity in the human brain.