Multiomics-based assessment of the impact of airflow on diverse plant callus cultures

Plant cell culture has multiple applications in biotechnology and horticulture, from plant propagation to the production of high-value biomolecules. However, the interplay between cellular diversity and ambient conditions influences the metabolism of cultured tissues; understanding these factors in detail will inform efforts to optimize culture conditions. This study presents multiomics datasets from callus cultures of tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ), rice ( Oryza sativa ), and two bamboo species ( Phyllostachys nigra and P. bambusoides ). Over four weeks, calli were cultured under continuous moisture without airflow or gradually reduced ambient moisture with airflow. For each sample, gene expression was profiled with high-throughput RNA sequencing, 442 metabolites were measured using liquid chromatography (LC) with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC–QqQMS), and 31 phytohormones were quantified using ultra-performance LC coupled with a tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray interface (UPLC-ESI-qMS/MS) and ultra-high-performance LC– orbitrap MS (UHPLC-Orbitrap MS). These datasets highlight the impact of airflow on callus cultures, revealing differences between and within species, and provide a comprehensive resource to explore the physiology of callus growth.