Identification of a non-canonical function of prefoldin subunit 5 in proteasome assembly

The prefoldin complex is a heterohexameric, evolutionarily conserved co-chaperone that assists in the folding of polypeptides downstream of the protein translation machinery. Loss of prefoldin function leads to impaired solubility of cellular proteins. The degradation of proteins by the proteasome is an integral part of protein homeostasis. Failure of regulated protein degradation can lead to the accumulation of misfolded and defective proteins. We show that prefoldin subunit 5 is required for proteasome activity by contributing to the assembly of the 26S proteasome. In particular, we found that the absence of prefoldin subunit 5 impairs the formation of the Rpt ring subcomplex of the proteasome. Concomitant deletion of PFD5 and HSM3 , a chaperone for assembly of the ATPase subunits comprising the Rpt ring, exacerbates this effect, suggesting a synergistic relationship between the two factors in proteasome assembly. Thus, our findings reveal a regulatory mechanism wherein prefoldin subunit 5 plays a crucial role in maintaining proteasome integrity, thereby influencing the degradation of proteins.