Young age, student status and reported non-binary gender associate strongly with decreased functioning during Covid-19 pandemic in a university community

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Abstract

Background

Covid-19 pandemic has had detrimental effects on physical and mental well-being whereas there are fewer studies on Covid-19 effects on everyday functioning.

Aims

We aimed to investigate effects of Covid-19 on functioning and related factors in a university community.

Method

In all, 2004 students and university personnel responded to a Webropol survey in May 2021, when the measures for preventing Covid-19 infections had sustained about a year and a half. Functioning included Visual Analog Scale (0 to 10) assessments on ability to function and ability to work.

Results

Young age, reported non-binary gender, being student, low resilience, loneliness, received mental care and minor physical exercise, as well as depressive symptoms associated with inferior functioning and negative effects of Covid-19 on functioning. Good school performance at adolescence associated with better, while childhood adversities associated with poorer functioning.

Conclusions

In the university community, young age and non-binary gender associated with decreased functioning during Covid-19 pandemic. Functioning of students was lower than in that of the university personnel. The need for therapeutic counselling and interventions is greatest among young students.

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  1. SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.30.22275757: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    EthicsIRB: The ethical committee of the University of Turku approved the study protocol.
    Consent: All study subjects gave their written consent to the study.
    Sex as a biological variableQuestions: Gender question included four options 1) Female (Binary Female, BF), 2) Male (Binary Male, BM), 3) Other, 4) I do not wish to tell.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    The data were analysed using SPSS software (26.0 for Windows).
    SPSS
    suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).


    Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:
    Advantages and limitations: In addition to important and actual findings related to the Covid-19 pandemic, some strengths as well as limitations should be discussed. The low response rate (7.4%) clearly limits representativeness of the results. On the other hand, the sample size became large enough for studying also small groups of participants and possible associations between various factors and functioning. The survey was not very long but it included also sensitive questions, which may have reduced individuals’ willingness to response. In client satisfaction surveys with no incentives, response rate often remains on the level of 10% or under (PeoplePulse, 2021). During the Covid-19 pandemic, the university students and personnel received several other surveys, thus it is probable that they were tired to response to a new survey. Additionally, the fact that this survey was carried out in May, when the term was near to end, may have affected low response rate. The study focused on people of university community, who do not represent the general population. On the other hand, the study sample represents a quite homogenous population, which faced equal and long-lasting Covid-19 lockdown with its consequences, when the differences in FUNCT between sub-groups of the sample, were mainly due to sub-group qualities than to different impacts of the pandemic. The question on gender included only four options (Female, Male, Other, I do not wish to tell) and all except reported female...

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.


    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.


    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.


    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

    Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.


    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.