Antibody responses to known and unknown SARS-CoV-2 infections after mRNA vaccine booster

  1. Alexis R. Demonbreun
  2. Amelia Sancilio
  3. Lauren A. Vaught
  4. Nina L. Reiser
  5. Lorenzo Pesce
  6. Eoin P. Sode
  7. Brian Mustanski
  8. Richard D’Aquila
  9. Elizabeth M. McNally
  10. Thomas W. McDade

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Abstract

We followed a fully-vaccinated (two mRNA vaccine doses) community cohort (n=41) without prior COVID-19 diagnosis from September 2021 through March 2022 through the Omicron wave following a booster mRNA vaccination. 19.5% of participants reported a known SARS-CoV-2 infection during the Omicron wave, which was confirmed by anti-nucleocapsid IgG. An additional 36.5% also developed anti-nucleocapsid IgG after the boost, consistent with unknown, asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection during this period. Infection defined by anti-nucleocapsid IgG, whether known to participant or not, increased anti-spike IgG levels, relative to those lacking anti-nucleocapsid IgG, at 120 days post-booster.

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    SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274719: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    EthicsIRB: All research activities were implemented under protocols approved by Northwestern University’s institutional review board (#STU00212457 and #STU00212472).
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Antibodies
    SentencesResources
    Concentrations of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies against spike and nucleocapsid (N) antigens were quantified using the Meso Scale Discovery multiplex anti-IgG electrochemiluminescence assay (SARS-CoV-2 Panel 24, K15575U), which was specifically optimized and validated for use with DBS [9].
    anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG
    suggested: None
    anti-IgG
    suggested: None
    Anti-spike IgG antibodies against wild-type (WT; Wuhan A) SARS-CoV-2 were quantified, as well as IgG antibodies against Delta (B.1.617.2; AY.2) and Omicron variants (B.1.1.529; BA.1).
    Anti-spike IgG
    suggested: None

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

    Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:
    Limitations of our study include the small sample size, and the absence of measures of cellular immunity to complement our assessment of antibody concentrations. In addition, our cohort includes fully vaccinated and boosted individuals, which precludes us from evaluating the likelihood of infection and magnitude of antibody response among the unvaccinated and those vaccinated with the initial doses but not boosted.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

  2. Version published to 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274719v1 on medRxiv