A broad and potent neutralization epitope in SARS-related coronaviruses
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Abstract
Many neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) elicited to ancestral SARS-CoV-2 through natural infection and vaccination generally have reduced effectiveness to SARS-CoV-2 variants. Here we show therapeutic antibody ADG20 is able to neutralize all SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) including Omicron (B.1.1.529) as well as other SARS-related coronaviruses. We delineate the structural basis of this relatively escape-resistant epitope that extends from one end of the receptor binding site (RBS) into the highly conserved CR3022 site. ADG20 can then benefit from high potency through direct competition with ACE2 in the more variable RBS and interaction with the more highly conserved CR3022 site. Importantly, antibodies that are able to target this site generally neutralize all VOCs, albeit with reduced potency against Omicron. Thus, this highly conserved and vulnerable site can be exploited for design of universal vaccines and therapeutic antibodies.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2022.03.13.484037: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Experimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources Pseudovirions were generated by co-transfection of HEK293T cells with MLV-gag/pol (Addgene #14887) and MLV-Luciferase (Addgene #170575) plasmids and SARS-CoV-2 spike WT or variants with an 18-AA truncation at the C-terminus. HEK293Tsuggested: NoneAfter incubation, 10,000 Hela-hACE2 cells were added to the mixture with 20 µg/ml Dextran (Sigma, 93556-1G) to enhance infectivity. Hela-hACE2suggested: NoneThe mixture was incubated for 1 h at 37 °C, 5% CO2 before adding … SciScore for 10.1101/2022.03.13.484037: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Experimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources Pseudovirions were generated by co-transfection of HEK293T cells with MLV-gag/pol (Addgene #14887) and MLV-Luciferase (Addgene #170575) plasmids and SARS-CoV-2 spike WT or variants with an 18-AA truncation at the C-terminus. HEK293Tsuggested: NoneAfter incubation, 10,000 Hela-hACE2 cells were added to the mixture with 20 µg/ml Dextran (Sigma, 93556-1G) to enhance infectivity. Hela-hACE2suggested: NoneThe mixture was incubated for 1 h at 37 °C, 5% CO2 before adding to a 24-well plate coated in a subconfluent Vero E6 cell monolayer. Vero E6suggested: RRID:CVCL_XD71)Recombinant DNA Sentences Resources Expression and purification of IgGs and Fabs: The heavy and light chains were cloned into phCMV3. phCMV3suggested: RRID:Addgene_173431)Briefly, the RBD (residues 333-529) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein (GenBank: QHD43416.1) was cloned into a customized pFastBac vector (38), and fused with an N-terminal gp67 signal peptide and C-terminal His6 tag (9). pFastBacsuggested: RRID:Addgene_1925)Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources Iterative model building and refinement were carried out in COOT (42) and PHENIX (43), respectively. COOTsuggested: (Coot, RRID:SCR_014222)PHENIXsuggested: (Phenix, RRID:SCR_014224)Fifty percent maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50), the concentrations required to inhibit infection by 50% compared to the controls, were calculated using the dose-response-inhibition model with 5-parameter Hill slope equation in GraphPad Prism 7 (GraphPad Software). GraphPad Prismsuggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)GraphPadsuggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.
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