Required COVID-19 Vaccination Certification to Attend Certain U.S. Professional Football Games in Fall 2021: A Natural Experiment
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Abstract
Four U.S. National Football League teams required vaccination certification against the SARS-CoV-2 virus of attendees at home games during the 2021 season. Using daily data on confirmed cases and vaccinations in counties surrounding these stadiums and stadiums that did not require certification, this study estimates the effects of the certification policy. Ordinary least squares regression was used to estimate the change in community spread of the virus after home games and away games relative to weeks that the teams did not play (bye weeks).
Compared to counties in metropolitan areas near stadiums with no certification requirement, counties near stadiums that had a vaccination requirement had significantly less cases 14 days after home games. In the six weeks leading up to the beginning of the season, percent vaccinated increased in counties that were near stadiums requiring vaccination certification only if the prevalent preseason vaccination rate was relatively low. Required vaccination certification at venues for large gatherings appear to slow virus spread generally in nearby communities and increases vaccination percentages in areas with lower prevalent vaccination percentages.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2022.02.13.22270900: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
No key resources detected.
Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter:…
SciScore for 10.1101/2022.02.13.22270900: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
No key resources detected.
Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.
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