Anti-SARS-CoV-2 swine glyco-humanized polyclonal antibody XAV-19 retains neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron)

  1. Bernard Vanhove
  2. Stéphane Marot
  3. Gwénaëlle Evanno
  4. Isabelle Malet
  5. Gaëtane Rouvray
  6. Françoise Shneiker
  7. Edwige Mevel
  8. Carine Ciron
  9. Juliette Rousse
  10. Pierre-Joseph Royer
  11. Elsa Lheriteau
  12. François Raffi
  13. Odile Duvaux
  14. Anne-Geneviève Marcelin
  15. Vincent Calvez

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Abstract

B.1.1.529 is the SARS-CoV-2 variant designated Omicron by the WHO in November 2021. It is a highly divergent variant with a high number of mutations, including 26-32 mutations in the spike protein among which 15 in the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) including at the human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptor interacting interface. Because of a decreased affinity for the ACE-2 receptor and a geometric reorganization of the S1-S2 cleavage site, the Omicron variant is predicted to not have a significant infectivity advantage over the delta variant and to be less pathogenic than Delta. However, in Omicron, neutralizing epitopes are greatly affected, suggesting that current vaccines and neutralizing monoclonal antibodies might confer reduced protection against this variant. In contrast, we and others previously demonstrated that polyclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 RBD obtained from hyperimmunized animal hosts do maintain their neutralizing properties against Alpha to Delta. Here, we confirmed these findings by showing that XAV-19, a swine glyco-humanized polyclonal antibody retains full neutralizing activity against Omicron.

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    SciScore for 10.1101/2022.01.26.477856: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    Ethicsnot detected.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Cell Line Authenticationnot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    Antibodies
    SentencesResources
    After incubation for 1h at room temperature and washing, the ACE-2 mFc Tag was revealed using a peroxidase-conjugated anti-mouse secondary antibody (1:1000 dilution).
    anti-mouse
    suggested: None
    Experimental Models: Cell Lines
    SentencesResources
    SARS-CoV-2 clinical isolates (D614G variant; GenBank accession number MW322968) , Alpha (GenBank accession number MW633280) , Beta (GenBank accession number MW580244) , Gamma (Gene accession number pending), Delta (Gene accession number pending) and Omicron (Gene accession number pending) were isolated from SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR confirmed patients by inoculating Vero cells with sputum sample or nasopharyngeal swabs in the biosafety level-3 (BSL-3) facility of the Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital.
    Vero
    suggested: CLS Cat# 605372/p622_VERO, RRID:CVCL_0059)
    Hundred μl of a Vero E6 cell suspension (3 × 105 cells/ml) were then added to the mixture and incubated at 37°C under an atmosphere containing 5% CO2 until microscopy examination on day 4 to assess cytopathogenic effect (CPE), as previously described (Vanhove et al
    Vero E6
    suggested: None
    Software and Algorithms
    SentencesResources
    IC50s were analyzed by nonlinear regression using a four-parameter dosage-response variable slope model with the GraphPad Prism 8.0.2 software (GraphPad Software, USA).
    GraphPad Prism
    suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)
    GraphPad
    suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

    Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

    Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:

    IdentifierStatusTitle
    NCT0492830Trial number did not resolve on clinicaltrials.gov. Is the number correct?NA

    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

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  2. Version published to 10.1101/2022.01.26.477856v1 on bioRxiv