Racial/ethnic disparities in exposure to COVID-19, susceptibility to COVID-19 and access to health care - findings from a U.S. national cohort
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Abstract
We examined the influence of racial/ethnic differences in socioeconomic position on COVID-19 seroconversion and hospitalization within a community-based prospective cohort enrolled in March 2020 and followed through October 2021 (N=6740). The ability to social distance as a measure of exposure to COVID-19, susceptibility to COVID-19 complications, and access to healthcare varied by race/ethnicity with non-white participants having more exposure risk and more difficulty with healthcare access than white participants. Participants with more (versus less) exposure had greater odds of seroconversion (aOR:1.64, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.18-2.29). Participants with more susceptibility and more barriers to healthcare had greater odds of hospitalization (respective aOR:2.36; 1.90-2.96 and 2.31; 1.69-2.68). Race/ethnicity positively modified the association between susceptibility and hospitalization (aORnon-White:2.79, 2.06-3.78). Findings may explain the disproportionate burden of COVID-19 infections and complications among Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black persons. Primary and secondary prevention efforts should address disparities in exposure, COVID-19 vaccination, and treatment.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2022.01.11.22269101: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics IRB: Details of cohort recruitment and follow-up been described elsewhere.(14) Research Ethics Approval: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the City University of New York (CUNY Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
Antibodies Sentences Resources All DBS specimens were tested by the study laboratory for total antibodies (Total Ab) using the Bio-Rad Platelia test for IgA, IgM, and IgG which targets the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. (18) Among those individuals with two Total Ab tests, an observed seroconversion was defined as a negative Total Ab test in Period 1 … SciScore for 10.1101/2022.01.11.22269101: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics IRB: Details of cohort recruitment and follow-up been described elsewhere.(14) Research Ethics Approval: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the City University of New York (CUNY Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
Antibodies Sentences Resources All DBS specimens were tested by the study laboratory for total antibodies (Total Ab) using the Bio-Rad Platelia test for IgA, IgM, and IgG which targets the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. (18) Among those individuals with two Total Ab tests, an observed seroconversion was defined as a negative Total Ab test in Period 1 followed by a positive Total Ab test in Period 2. IgA, IgM, and IgGsuggested: NoneSARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein.suggested: NoneResults from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.
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