Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in lung cancer patients: Reactivity to vaccine antigen and variants of concern
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Abstract
Purpose
We investigated SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine-induced binding and live-virus neutralizing antibody response in NSCLC patients to the SARS-CoV-2 wild type strain and the emerging Delta and Omicron variants.
Methods
82 NSCLC patients and 53 healthy adult volunteers who received SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines were included in the study. Blood was collected longitudinally, and SARS-CoV-2-specific binding and live-virus neutralization response to 614D (WT), B.1.617.2 (Delta), B.1.351 (Beta) and B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variants were evaluated by Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) assay and Focus Reduction Neutralization Assay (FRNT) respectively. We determined the longevity and persistence of vaccine-induced antibody response in NSCLC patients. The effect of vaccine-type, age, gender, race and cancer therapy on the antibody response was evaluated.
Results
Binding antibody titer to the mRNA vaccines were lower in the NSCLC patients compared to the healthy volunteers (P=<0.0001). More importantly, NSCLC patients had reduced live-virus neutralizing activity compared to the healthy vaccinees (P=<0.0001). Spike and RBD-specific binding IgG titers peaked after a week following the second vaccine dose and declined after six months (P=<0.001). While patients >70 years had lower IgG titers (P=<0.01), patients receiving either PD-1 monotherapy, chemotherapy or a combination of both did not have a significant impact on the antibody response. Binding antibody titers to the Delta and Beta variants were lower compared to the WT strain (P=<0.0001). Importantly, we observed significantly lower FRNT 50 titers to Delta (6-fold), and Omicron (79-fold) variants (P=<0.0001) in NSCLC patients.
Conclusions
Binding and live-virus neutralizing antibody titers to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in NSCLC patients were lower than the healthy vaccinees, with significantly lower live-virus neutralization of B.1.617.2 (Delta), and more importantly, the B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variant compared to the wild-type strain. These data highlight the concern for cancer patients given the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.
Article activity feed
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Chetna Mangat
Review 1: "Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine in Lung Cancer Patients: Reactivity to Vaccine Antigen and Variants of Concern"
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Strength of evidence
Reviewer: C Mangat (Mayo Clinic) | 📗📗📗📗◻️
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SciScore for 10.1101/2022.01.03.22268599: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics Consent: NSCLC patient cohort: Peripheral blood samples from NSCLC patients were collected at Winship Cancer Institute following written informed consent approved by the Institutional Review Board at Emory University.
IRB: NSCLC patient cohort: Peripheral blood samples from NSCLC patients were collected at Winship Cancer Institute following written informed consent approved by the Institutional Review Board at Emory University.Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Antibodies Sentences Resources MesoScale Discovery Assay: V-PLEX COVID-19 Respiratory Panel 2 Kit … SciScore for 10.1101/2022.01.03.22268599: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics Consent: NSCLC patient cohort: Peripheral blood samples from NSCLC patients were collected at Winship Cancer Institute following written informed consent approved by the Institutional Review Board at Emory University.
IRB: NSCLC patient cohort: Peripheral blood samples from NSCLC patients were collected at Winship Cancer Institute following written informed consent approved by the Institutional Review Board at Emory University.Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Cell Line Authentication not detected. Table 2: Resources
Antibodies Sentences Resources MesoScale Discovery Assay: V-PLEX COVID-19 Respiratory Panel 2 Kit (K15372U panel 2) were used to measure the IgG, IgM and IgA antibody against the antigens SARS-CoV-2 Spike, receptod binding domain (RBD), antigens SARS-CoV-2 Spike , receptod binding domain ( RBD) ,suggested: NoneFollowing this, 50 uL per well of 1X MSD SULFO-TAG™ Anti-Human IgG Antibody was added and incubated for one hour at room temperature, shaking at a speed of 700 rpm. Anti-Human IgGsuggested: NoneCells were incubated with either an anti-SARS-CoV spike primary antibody directly conjugated to Alexaflour-647 (CR3022-AF647) or an anti-SARS-CoV spike primary antibody directly conjugated to biotin (CR3022-biotin) for at least 4 hours at room temperature. CR3022-AF647suggested: Noneanti-SARS-CoV spikesuggested: NoneCR3022-biotinsuggested: NoneExperimental Models: Cell Lines Sentences Resources Viruses and cells: VeroE6 cells were obtained from ATCC (clone E6, ATCC, #CRL-1586) and cultured in complete DMEM medium consisting of 1x DMEM (VWR, #45000-304), 10% FBS, 25mM HEPES Buffer (Corning Cellgro), 2mM L-glutamine, 1mM sodium pyruvate, 1x Non-essential Amino Acids, and 1x antibiotics. VeroE6suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1819, RRID:CVCL_YQ49)VeroE6-TMPRSS2 cells were generated and cultured as previously described18. nCoV/USA_WA1/2020 (WA/1), closely resembling the original Wuhan strain and resembles the spike used in the mRNA-1273 and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, was propagated from an infectious SARS-CoV-2 clone as previously described19. VeroE6-TMPRSS2suggested: NoneUsing VeroE6-TMPRSS cells, the B.1.1.529 variant was plaque purified directly from the nasal swab, propagated once in a 12-well plate, and expanded in a confluent T175 flask to generate a working stock. VeroE6-TMPRSSsuggested: NoneFocus Reduction Neutralization Assay: FRNT-mNG assays were performed on VeroE6 cells and FRNT assays were performed on Vero-TMPRSS2 cells as previously described18,21,22. Vero-TMPRSS2suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1818, RRID:CVCL_YQ48)Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources Statistical analysis: Statistical analysis was conducted using Graphpad Prism V9 and R 4.1.2. Graphpad Prismsuggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.
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