Trends in Covid-19 hospital mortality in women and men
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Abstract
Introduction
It remains unclear if the development of health services, clinical management, and scientific evidence, during the pandemic is associated with better medical outcomes, sustained in the long term, for Covid-19 patients of each gender. This study presents the trends in mortality associated with Covid-19 for women and men during the first year of the pandemic.
Methods
This study was based in 17 Spanish hospitals. Sociodemographic, clinical, and mortality data from all patients with Covid-19, who had been discharged alive, or had died after being admitted, between March 2020 and February 2021, were used.
The association between time of admission and mortality was examined with multivariate logistic regression models.
Results
3390 Covid-19 patients were included in the study, of which 1330 were women, the age was M(SD): 66.55(16.55) Death was reported for 451 patients. There was a significant decreasing trend in mortality by time of admission for the whole year with an OR: 0.86(0.77-0.96) p=0.005. No significant trend in mortality for women was observed OR: 1.00(0.85-1.19) p=0.959, while there was a significant decreasing trend for men OR: 0.78 (0.68-0.90) p=0.001
Discussion
The health policies put in place, the scientific evidence developed by researchers, and the experienced acquired by clinicians, are likely to explain this improvement in mortality. More epidemiological and clinical studies addressing trends of mortality in patients with different sociodemographic and clinical profile and the improvement of clinical outcomes are required. Future research may address the safety and efficacy of interventions specifically in female patients.
Article activity feed
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SciScore for 10.1101/2021.09.06.21263166: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics not detected. Sex as a biological variable 8 This association was then examined separately for women and men. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
No key resources detected.
Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:This study has strengths and limitations. Patients were not randomized and the differences in mortality may be explained by factors other than the development of health services, clinical management, and …
SciScore for 10.1101/2021.09.06.21263166: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics not detected. Sex as a biological variable 8 This association was then examined separately for women and men. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
No key resources detected.
Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:This study has strengths and limitations. Patients were not randomized and the differences in mortality may be explained by factors other than the development of health services, clinical management, and scientific evidence. However, it should be noted that a randomized study investigating all these factors in different months would not be feasible. The observation of a large number of patients, all those discharged from 17 hospitals, the adjustment of statistical models for reported predictors of mortality,8 and the consistency of the results with the ones obtained in the sensitivity analysis, are strengths of this research. This study provides encouraging results for policy makers, hospital clinicians, and researchers to continue their work. However, more epidemiological studies in larger databases looking at trends of mortality in patients with different sociodemographic and clinical profile are required. The death rate of Covid-19 patients remains high and more studies to improve clinical outcomes are also necessary. Future research may address the safety and efficacy of innovative or repurposed interventions specifically in female patients.
Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.
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