Immune Responses to a Single Dose of the AZD1222/Covishield Vaccine at 16 Weeks in Individuals in Sri Lanka
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Abstract
Due to limited access to vaccines, many countries have only administered a single dose of the AZD1222, whereas the dosage intervals have increased ≥4 wk. We sought to investigate the immunogenicity of a single dose of vaccine at ≥16 wk postimmunization. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2–specific Abs in 553 individuals and Abs to the receptor-binding domain of the Wuhan virus (wild-type) and the variants of concern, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor blocking Abs ex vivo and cultured IFN-γ T cell (Homo sapiens) responses and B cell (H. sapiens) ELISPOT responses, were investigated in a subcohort. The seropositivity rates in those >70 y of age (93.7%) was not significantly different compared with other age groups (97.7–98.2; Pearson χ2 = 7.8; p = 0.05). The Ab titers (Ab index) significantly declined (p < 0.0001) with increase in age. A total of 18 of 69 (26.1%) of individuals did not have angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor–blocking Abs, whereas responses to the receptor-binding domain of wild-type (p = 0.03), B.1.1.7 (p = 0.04), and B.1.617.2 (p = 0.02) were significantly lower in those who were >60 y. Ex vivo IFN-γ T cell ELISPOT responses were seen in 10 of 66 (15.1%), whereas only a few expressed CD107a. However, >85% had a high frequency of cultured IFN-γ T cell ELISPOT responses and B cell ELISPOTs. Virus-specific Abs were maintained at ≥16 wk after receiving a single dose of AZD1222, although levels were lower to variants of concern, especially in older individuals. A single dose induced a high frequency of memory T and B cell responses.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2021.07.26.21261122: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics Consent: Study participants: 553 individuals, who received their first dose of the AZD1222/Covishield vaccine between the 15th of February to 4th March 2021, were included in the study following informed written consent (16 to 17 weeks since receiving the first dose).
IRB: Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee of University of Sri Jayewardenepura.Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization Blood samples were obtained from all individuals to determine seropositivity rates at ≥16 weeks since obtaining the first dose of the vaccine, while T cell studies, ACE2 blocking and variant specific antibody responses for SARS-CoV-2 were carried out in only 69 … SciScore for 10.1101/2021.07.26.21261122: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Ethics Consent: Study participants: 553 individuals, who received their first dose of the AZD1222/Covishield vaccine between the 15th of February to 4th March 2021, were included in the study following informed written consent (16 to 17 weeks since receiving the first dose).
IRB: Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee of University of Sri Jayewardenepura.Sex as a biological variable not detected. Randomization Blood samples were obtained from all individuals to determine seropositivity rates at ≥16 weeks since obtaining the first dose of the vaccine, while T cell studies, ACE2 blocking and variant specific antibody responses for SARS-CoV-2 were carried out in only 69 individuals, who were randomly selected from different age categories. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Table 2: Resources
Antibodies Sentences Resources Detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies: The presence of SARS-COV-2 specific antibodies were detected by using the Wantai SARS-CoV-2 Ab ELISA (Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise, China), which detects IgM, IgG and IgA antibodies to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein. IgAsuggested: NoneIn order to quantify IgG antibodies to the RBD, WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 quantitative IgG ELISA (CAT-WS-1396) was used. quantify IgGsuggested: NoneBriefly, ELISpot plates (Millipore Corp., Bedford, USA) were coated with anti-human IFNγ antibody overnight (Mabtech, Sweden). anti-human IFNγsuggested: NoneAll experiments were carried out in duplicate and anti-human IgG monoclonal capture antibodies, was used as a positive control, and media alone as a negative control. anti-human IgGsuggested: NoneSoftware and Algorithms Sentences Resources Flow cytometry data were analyzed using FlowJo v. FlowJosuggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.
Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.
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