SARS coronavirus vaccines protect against different coronaviruses

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   ScreenIT

   Jun 3, 2021

   SciScore for 10.1101/2021.06.01.446491: (What is this?)

   Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

   Table 1: Rigor

   Ethics

   IRB: Human Subjects: All protocols used for subject recruitment, enrollment, blood collection, sample processing and immunological assays with human samples were approved by the Northwestern University Institutional review board (STU00212583). Consent: All participants voluntarily enrolled in the study by signing an informed consent form after receiving detailed information of the clinical study. IACUC: All mouse experiments with BL2 agents were performed with approval from the Northwestern University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).

   Sex as a biological variable

   Mice were purchased from Jackson laboratories (approximately half males and half females) and housed at the …

   SciScore for 10.1101/2021.06.01.446491: (What is this?)

   Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

   Table 1: Rigor

   Ethics	IRB: Human Subjects: All protocols used for subject recruitment, enrollment, blood collection, sample processing and immunological assays with human samples were approved by the Northwestern University Institutional review board (STU00212583). Consent: All participants voluntarily enrolled in the study by signing an informed consent form after receiving detailed information of the clinical study. IACUC: All mouse experiments with BL2 agents were performed with approval from the Northwestern University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).
   Sex as a biological variable	Mice were purchased from Jackson laboratories (approximately half males and half females) and housed at the Northwestern University Center for Comparative Medicine (CCM) or the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC).
   Randomization	not detected.
   Blinding	not detected.
   Power Analysis	not detected.
   Cell Line Authentication	not detected.

   Table 2: Resources

   Antibodies
   Sentences	Resources
   Protein-specific ELISA (SARS-CoV-2 spike, RBD, nucleocapsid; SARS-CoV- 1 spike; OC43 spike): Antigen-specific total antibody titers were measured by ELISA as described previously (Dangi et al., 2020; Palacio et al., 2020).	Antigen-specific total suggested: (George Fu Gao; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing; China Cat# Z3L1, RRID:AB_2725798)
   Plates were washed three times with wash buffer followed by addition of secondary antibody conjugated to horseradish peroxidase, goat anti-mouse IgG (Southern Biotech) diluted in blocking solution (1:1000) at 100 µl/well were added and incubated for 60 min at room temperature.	anti-mouse IgG suggested: None
   Cells were stained with fluorescently-labelled antibodies against CD44 (IM7 on Pacific Blue), CD8α (53- 6.7 on PerCP-Cy5.5), IFNγ (XMG1.2 on APC).	CD8α suggested: None
   Fluorescently-labelled antibodies were purchased from BD Pharmingen, except for anti-CD44 (which was from Biolegend).	anti-CD44 suggested: None
   Experimental Models: Cell Lines
   Sentences	Resources
   SARS-CoV-2 (MA10) was propagated and tittered on Vero-E6 cells.	Vero-E6 suggested: None
   Virus propagation: OC43 was propagated in an 80-90% confluent monolayer of HCT-8 cells (ATCC® CCL-244™) in T175 flasks at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.01 diluted in 5 mL of RPMI supplemented with 2% FBS, 1% penicillin/streptomycin, and 1% L-glutamine.	HCT-8 suggested: None
   SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus neutralization assays: A SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus was generated by transfection of HEK-293T cells with a pCAGGS vector expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (BEI resources, NIAID, NIH: NR-52310).	HEK-293T suggested: None
   Titers were measured by infecting HEK-293T-hACE2 cells and counting GFP foci under a fluorescence microscope after 24 hr.	HEK-293T-hACE2 suggested: RRID:CVCL_A7UK)
   Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains
   Sentences	Resources
   Mice, vaccinations, infections and challenges: 6-8-week-old C57BL/6, BALB/c, A/J, Ifnar1-/- mice (on a C57BL/6 background) were used.	C57BL/6 suggested: None BALB/c suggested: None A/J suggested: None Ifnar1-/- suggested: None
   Recombinant DNA
   Sentences	Resources
   Vector pCAGGS containing the SARS-related coronavirus 2, Wuhan-Hu-1 spike glycoprotein gene (soluble, stabilized), NR-52394 and receptor binding domain (RBD), NR-52309.	pCAGGS suggested: RRID:Addgene_18926)
   Software and Algorithms
   Sentences	Resources
   Blood was collected by phlebotomy using BD Vacutainer 10mL tubes containing sodium heparin.	BD Vacutainer suggested: None
   Flow cytometry samples were acquired with a Becton Dickinson Canto II or an LSRII and analyzed using FlowJo (Treestar).	FlowJo suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)
   TCR analyses were performed using the scRepertoire package30.	scRepertoire suggested: None
   Data were analyzed using Prism (Graphpad).	Prism suggested: (PRISM, RRID:SCR_005375) Graphpad suggested: (GraphPad, RRID:SCR_000306)

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   Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

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   Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

   A limitation of our study is that we only evaluated heterologous immune protection at an early time post-vaccination or post-infection, and it is possible that cross-protective immunity declines over time. Future studies will determine whether cross-reactive antibodies are produced by plasma cells, or short-lived plasmablasts, which tend to be highly mutated and cross-reactive21, 22. In summary, we show that coronavirus vaccines and coronavirus infections can confer protection against other coronaviruses. These findings provide a framework for the rational design of universal coronavirus vaccines, and present the first definitive demonstration of heterologous immune protection following coronavirus vaccination or infection.

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   Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

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   Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

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   Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

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   Results from rtransparent:

   • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
   • No funding statement was detected.
   • No protocol registration statement was detected.

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   Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

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2. 

   Version published to 10.1101/2021.06.01.446491v1 on bioRxiv

   Jun 1, 2021