A New Hematological Prognostic Index For Covid-19 Severity

  1. Abdulmajeed A. Hammadi
  2. Adnan M. Al Jubouri
  3. Ghassan Ahmed
  4. Ali H. Hayyawi
  5. Khalil Kareem
  6. Faiq I. Gorial
  7. Muhammed Waheeb Salman
  8. Mohammed Ghanim
  9. Basil F. Jameel
  10. Ali M. Jawad
  11. Hassan M. Abbas
  12. Ali A. Al-Gharawi
  13. Jawad I Al-shareef
  14. Chasib L. Ali
  15. Kawthar F. Nasser
  16. Mohammad Y. Abdulrazaq

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Abstract

Background

severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or Covid-19 is a nationwide public health emergency with significant impact on human life.

Objective

To develop a new simple hematological prognostic index for Covid-19 severity state.

Patients and methods

This observational cross sectional study was conducted on 250 patients with Covid-19 disease. Age, gender, and severity of Covid −19 were recorded. Complete blood count and lactate dehydrogenase were measured.

New index: COVID-19 severity-Iraqi-index = CSI index to predict COVID-19 severity.

CSI index is monocyte/lymphocyte absolute counts multiplied by LDH (lactate dehydrogenase)/upper normal reference laboratory range of LDH value.

Results

Mean age of patients was 50.4 + 15.1 years. Majority of patients were Males 148 (59.2%)..Most of patients were in stage 2 and 3 (> 94%). There was a significant difference between means of White Blood Cells, lymphocytes and Monocytes among the different stages of the disease (P = 0.0001, 0.036, 0.012). There was a significant moderate correlation between the prognostic index and the stage of the disease (r=0.41, p=0.0001).

Conclusions

CSI index is a new simple predictor of clinical outcome in patients with covid-19 during early stage of the disease.

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    SciScore for 10.1101/2021.02.11.21251285: (What is this?)

    Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

    Table 1: Rigor

    Institutional Review Board StatementIACUC: The study was approved by the ethical research committee of Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad with the No. ERC.DoM.CoM,UoB.Ju.2020.1 with date: of June, 2nd, 2020 and was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki and its amendments and the Guidelines for Good Clinical Practices issued by the Committee of Propriety Medicinal Product of the European Union.
    Consent: An informed consent was taken from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study.
    Randomizationnot detected.
    Blindingnot detected.
    Power Analysisnot detected.
    Sex as a biological variablenot detected.

    Table 2: Resources

    No key resources detected.

    Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

    Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:
    This study has some limitations: some Other important parameters that were not included in our study are organ functions, CT scan results, and oxygen saturation because we intended to simplify the test early in the course of the disease. (10) For instance Zhang et al pointed to the relation of CT chest involvement to many laboratory parameters like granulocyte count, LDH level, procalcitonin, and C reactive protein.(11) A clinical correlation also mentioned in relation to progressive lung disease in relation to laboratory findings like lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets, and liver functions. (12) Others reported relation of clinical outcome and chest CT scan to D-dimer and C reactive protein.(13) A positive relation also found between CT chest and leucocyte count, neutrophils and interlukin-2. (14, 15)

    Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

    Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

    Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

    Results from rtransparent:
    • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
    • No protocol registration statement was detected.

    About SciScore

    SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

  2. Version published to 10.1101/2021.02.11.21251285 on medRxiv