The MERS-CoV receptor gene is among COVID-19 risk factors inherited from Neandertals
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Abstract
In the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, two genetic regions derived from Neandertals have been shown to increase and decrease, respectively, the risk of falling severely ill upon infection. Here, we show that 2-8% of people in Eurasia carry a variant promoter region of the DPP4 gene inherited from Neandertals. This gene encodes an enzyme that serves as a receptor for the coronavirus MERS-CoV and is currently not believed to be a receptor for SARS-CoV-2. However, the Neandertal DPP4 variant doubles the risk to become critically ill in COVID-19.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2020.12.11.422139: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources We use these SNPs to estimate the effective number of hypotheses in European genomes from the 1000 Genomes Project using the Genetic Type I Error Calculator (Li et al. 2011). 1000 Genomes Projectsuggested: (1000 Genomes Project and AWS, RRID:SCR_008801)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study …SciScore for 10.1101/2020.12.11.422139: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources We use these SNPs to estimate the effective number of hypotheses in European genomes from the 1000 Genomes Project using the Genetic Type I Error Calculator (Li et al. 2011). 1000 Genomes Projectsuggested: (1000 Genomes Project and AWS, RRID:SCR_008801)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No funding statement was detected.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2020.12.11.422139: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis To reach 80% power to detect the Neandertal DPP4 haplotype we find that we need approximately twice the sample size. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources Data availability The archaic genomes are availability at the server of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (http://cdna.eva.mpg.de/neandertal/Vindija/VCF/ and https://bioinf.eva.mpg.de /jbrowse/) and the modern human genomes at the 1000 Genomes Project server 1000 Genomes Projectsuggested…SciScore for 10.1101/2020.12.11.422139: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement not detected. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis To reach 80% power to detect the Neandertal DPP4 haplotype we find that we need approximately twice the sample size. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources Data availability The archaic genomes are availability at the server of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (http://cdna.eva.mpg.de/neandertal/Vindija/VCF/ and https://bioinf.eva.mpg.de /jbrowse/) and the modern human genomes at the 1000 Genomes Project server 1000 Genomes Projectsuggested: (1000 Genomes Project and AWS, RRID:SCR_008801)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.
Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
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