Impact of Meteorological factors and population size on the transmission of Micro-size respiratory droplets based Coronavirus: A brief study of highly infected cities in Pakistan
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Abstract
Ongoing Coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19) identified first in Wuhan, China posed huge impact on public health and economy around the globe. Both cough and sneeze based droplets or aerosols encapsulated COVID-19 particles are responsible for air borne transmission of this virus and caused unexpected escalation and high mortality worldwide. Current study intends to investigate correlation of COVID-19 epidemic with meteorological parameters particularly, temperature, rainfall, humidity, and wind speed along with population size. Data set of COVID-19 for highly infected cities of Pakistan was collected from the official website of National Institute of health (NIH). Spearman’s rank (r s ) correlation coefficient test employed for data analysis revealed significant correlation between temperature minimum (TM), temperature average (TA), wind speed (WS) and population size (PS) with COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to analyze the sensitivity of TA, WS, and PS on transmission rate of COVID-19 in selected cities of Pakistan. The results obtained for sensitivity and specificity analysis for all selected parameters signifies sensitivity and direct correlation of COVID-19 transmission with temperature variation, WS and PS. Positive correlation and strong association of PS parameter with COVID-19 pandemic suggested need of more strict actions and control measures for highly populated cities. These findings will be helpful for health regulatory authorities and policymakers to take specific measures to combat COVID-19 epidemic in Pakistan.
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SciScore for 10.1101/2020.07.14.20153544: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources All statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft excel 2010. 2.3 The analysis of receiver operating characteristics (ROC): A probability curve known as receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve has been widely employed for comparison between two operating characteristics i.e. Microsoft excelsuggested: (Microsoft Excel, RRID:SCR_016137)GraphPad Prism software version 7.0 (GraphPad, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA, www.graphpad.com) is employed for ROC analysis while AUC was determined with 95% confidence intervals (CI). GraphPad Prismsuggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)GraphPadsu…SciScore for 10.1101/2020.07.14.20153544: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.Table 2: Resources
Software and Algorithms Sentences Resources All statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft excel 2010. 2.3 The analysis of receiver operating characteristics (ROC): A probability curve known as receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve has been widely employed for comparison between two operating characteristics i.e. Microsoft excelsuggested: (Microsoft Excel, RRID:SCR_016137)GraphPad Prism software version 7.0 (GraphPad, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA, www.graphpad.com) is employed for ROC analysis while AUC was determined with 95% confidence intervals (CI). GraphPad Prismsuggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)GraphPadsuggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:Still, current study has certain limitations as we did not consider other factors like personal hygeine, people mobility and endurance that need to be considered in further studies.
Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
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