Vitamin D insufficiency is prevalent in severe COVID-19
This article has been Reviewed by the following groups
Listed in
- Evaluated articles (ScreenIT)
- @AyodejiAugusti2's saved articles (AyodejiAugusti2)
Abstract
COVID-19 is a major pandemic that has killed more than 196,000 people. The COVID-19 disease course is strikingly divergent. Approximately 80-85% of patients experience mild or no symptoms, while the remainder develop severe disease. The mechanisms underlying these divergent outcomes are unclear. Emerging health disparities data regarding African American and homeless populations suggest that vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) may be an underlying driver of COVID-19 severity. To better define the VDI-COVID-19 link, we determined the prevalence of VDI among our COVID-19 intensive care unit (ICU) patients.
Methods
In an Institutional Review Board approved study performed at a single, tertiary care academic medical center, the medical records of COVID-19 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Subjects were included for whom serum 25-hydroxycholecalcifoerol (25OHD) levels were determined. COVID-19-relevant data were compiled and analyzed. We determined the frequency of VDI among COVID-19 patients to evaluate the likelihood of a VDI-COVID-19 relationship.
Results
Twenty COVID-19 patients with serum 25OHD levels were identified; 65.0% required ICU admission.The VDI prevalence in ICU patients was 84.6%, vs. 57.1% in floor patients. Strikingly, 100% of ICU patients less than 75 years old had VDI. Coagulopathy was present in 62.5% of ICU COVID-19 patients, and 92.3% were lymphocytopenic.
Conclusions
VDI is highly prevalent in severe COVID-19 patients. VDI and severe COVID-19 share numerous associations including hypertension, obesity, male sex, advanced age, concentration in northern climates, coagulopathy, and immune dysfunction. Thus, we suggest that prospective, randomized controlled studies of VDI in COVID-19 patients are warranted.
Article activity feed
-
SciScore for 10.1101/2020.04.24.20075838: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement IRB: In an Institutional Review Board approved study performed at a single, tertiary care academic medical center, the medical records of COVID-19 patients between March 27, 2020 and April 21, 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Table 2: Resources
No key resources detected.
Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study …SciScore for 10.1101/2020.04.24.20075838: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement IRB: In an Institutional Review Board approved study performed at a single, tertiary care academic medical center, the medical records of COVID-19 patients between March 27, 2020 and April 21, 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Randomization not detected. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable not detected. Table 2: Resources
No key resources detected.
Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.
Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.
Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.
Results from rtransparent:- Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
- No protocol registration statement was detected.
-
SciScore for 10.1101/2020.04.24.20075838: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement Methods In an Institutional Review Board approved study performed at a single, tertiary care academic medical center, the medical records of COVID-19 patients between March 27, 2020 and April 21, 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Randomization Prospective , randomized controlled studies that properly risk-stratify subjects should be performed. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable Despite being an acute respiratory infection ( ARI) , its mortality risk factors overlap those of cardiovascular disease: hypertension , diabetes , obesity , advanced age , and male sex . Table 2: Resources
Results from OddPub: We …
SciScore for 10.1101/2020.04.24.20075838: (What is this?)
Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.
Table 1: Rigor
Institutional Review Board Statement Methods In an Institutional Review Board approved study performed at a single, tertiary care academic medical center, the medical records of COVID-19 patients between March 27, 2020 and April 21, 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Randomization Prospective , randomized controlled studies that properly risk-stratify subjects should be performed. Blinding not detected. Power Analysis not detected. Sex as a biological variable Despite being an acute respiratory infection ( ARI) , its mortality risk factors overlap those of cardiovascular disease: hypertension , diabetes , obesity , advanced age , and male sex . Table 2: Resources
Results from OddPub: We did not find a statement about open data. We also did not find a statement about open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).
About SciScore
SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore is not a substitute for expert review. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers) in the manuscript, and detects sentences that appear to be missing RRIDs. SciScore also checks to make sure that rigor criteria are addressed by authors. It does this by detecting sentences that discuss criteria such as blinding or power analysis. SciScore does not guarantee that the rigor criteria that it detects are appropriate for the particular study. Instead it assists authors, editors, and reviewers by drawing attention to sections of the manuscript that contain or should contain various rigor criteria and key resources. For details on the results shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.
-
